A quasi-experimental study of New York City's sodium warning regulation and hypertension prevalence, 2005–2020
Objective: To quantify temporal trends in age-adjusted hypertension prevalence in New York City before and after implementation of a menu labeling regulation requiring sodium warning icons at chain restaurants. Methods: Using data from the New York City Community Health Survey, segmented regression...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Preventive Medicine Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335525001913 |
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| author | Nathaniel J. Maxey José A. Pagán Brennan Rhodes-Bratton Anjali Phalke Marina Mautner Wizentier Kimberly A. Kaphingst Melody S. Goodman Jemar R. Bather |
| author_facet | Nathaniel J. Maxey José A. Pagán Brennan Rhodes-Bratton Anjali Phalke Marina Mautner Wizentier Kimberly A. Kaphingst Melody S. Goodman Jemar R. Bather |
| author_sort | Nathaniel J. Maxey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: To quantify temporal trends in age-adjusted hypertension prevalence in New York City before and after implementation of a menu labeling regulation requiring sodium warning icons at chain restaurants. Methods: Using data from the New York City Community Health Survey, segmented regression models assessed: (1) the average annual percent change (AAPC) of age-adjusted hypertension prevalence during the pre-regulation period (2005–2015), (2) the annual percent change (APC) from 2015 to 2016 (regulation onset association), (3) the AAPC of age-adjusted hypertension prevalence during the regulation period (2016–2020), and (4) the percentage-point difference between the AAPCs of the pre-regulation and regulation periods. Results: We found a statistically significant average annual percent increase in the age-adjusted hypertension prevalence among the Hispanic population during the pre-regulation period (2005–2015 AAPC: 1.3 %, 95 % CI: 0.3 % to 2.3 %). The regulation's onset was significantly associated with a 4.2 % (95 % CI: 0.4 % to 8.0 %) increase in the age-adjusted hypertension prevalence among females from 2015 to 2016. During the regulation era, we observed statistically significant average annual percent decreases in age-adjusted hypertension prevalence among Black (2016–2020 AAPC: −1.9 %; 95 % CI: −2.5 % to −1.3 %) and female (2016–2020 AAPC: −3.5 %; 95 % CI: −5.0 % to −2.1 %) subgroups. Conclusions: Findings suggest a potential positive impact of the sodium warning regulation on hypertension prevalence. The decreasing trends in hypertension prevalence among female and Black populations suggest that sodium reduction policies may have differential impacts across subgroups. These empirical insights underscore the importance of sustained sodium reduction policies. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2211-3355 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Preventive Medicine Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-c55e9318a41e43b4ab9f5b9ac0ef8f532025-07-17T04:44:20ZengElsevierPreventive Medicine Reports2211-33552025-08-0156103152A quasi-experimental study of New York City's sodium warning regulation and hypertension prevalence, 2005–2020Nathaniel J. Maxey0José A. Pagán1Brennan Rhodes-Bratton2Anjali Phalke3Marina Mautner Wizentier4Kimberly A. Kaphingst5Melody S. Goodman6Jemar R. Bather7Center for Anti-racism, Social Justice & Public Health, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biostatistics, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USACenter for Anti-racism, Social Justice & Public Health, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Public Health Policy and Management, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USACenter for Anti-racism, Social Justice & Public Health, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USACenter for Anti-racism, Social Justice & Public Health, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USACenter for Anti-racism, Social Justice & Public Health, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USAHuntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Communication, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USACenter for Anti-racism, Social Justice & Public Health, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biostatistics, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USACenter for Anti-racism, Social Justice & Public Health, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biostatistics, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA; Corresponding author at: Center for Anti-racism, Social Justice & Public Health, New York University School of Global Public Health, 708 Broadway, 9th Floor, New York, NY 10003, USA.Objective: To quantify temporal trends in age-adjusted hypertension prevalence in New York City before and after implementation of a menu labeling regulation requiring sodium warning icons at chain restaurants. Methods: Using data from the New York City Community Health Survey, segmented regression models assessed: (1) the average annual percent change (AAPC) of age-adjusted hypertension prevalence during the pre-regulation period (2005–2015), (2) the annual percent change (APC) from 2015 to 2016 (regulation onset association), (3) the AAPC of age-adjusted hypertension prevalence during the regulation period (2016–2020), and (4) the percentage-point difference between the AAPCs of the pre-regulation and regulation periods. Results: We found a statistically significant average annual percent increase in the age-adjusted hypertension prevalence among the Hispanic population during the pre-regulation period (2005–2015 AAPC: 1.3 %, 95 % CI: 0.3 % to 2.3 %). The regulation's onset was significantly associated with a 4.2 % (95 % CI: 0.4 % to 8.0 %) increase in the age-adjusted hypertension prevalence among females from 2015 to 2016. During the regulation era, we observed statistically significant average annual percent decreases in age-adjusted hypertension prevalence among Black (2016–2020 AAPC: −1.9 %; 95 % CI: −2.5 % to −1.3 %) and female (2016–2020 AAPC: −3.5 %; 95 % CI: −5.0 % to −2.1 %) subgroups. Conclusions: Findings suggest a potential positive impact of the sodium warning regulation on hypertension prevalence. The decreasing trends in hypertension prevalence among female and Black populations suggest that sodium reduction policies may have differential impacts across subgroups. These empirical insights underscore the importance of sustained sodium reduction policies.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335525001913Menu labelingNutrition labelingEating outRestaurantsNutritionSalt |
| spellingShingle | Nathaniel J. Maxey José A. Pagán Brennan Rhodes-Bratton Anjali Phalke Marina Mautner Wizentier Kimberly A. Kaphingst Melody S. Goodman Jemar R. Bather A quasi-experimental study of New York City's sodium warning regulation and hypertension prevalence, 2005–2020 Preventive Medicine Reports Menu labeling Nutrition labeling Eating out Restaurants Nutrition Salt |
| title | A quasi-experimental study of New York City's sodium warning regulation and hypertension prevalence, 2005–2020 |
| title_full | A quasi-experimental study of New York City's sodium warning regulation and hypertension prevalence, 2005–2020 |
| title_fullStr | A quasi-experimental study of New York City's sodium warning regulation and hypertension prevalence, 2005–2020 |
| title_full_unstemmed | A quasi-experimental study of New York City's sodium warning regulation and hypertension prevalence, 2005–2020 |
| title_short | A quasi-experimental study of New York City's sodium warning regulation and hypertension prevalence, 2005–2020 |
| title_sort | quasi experimental study of new york city s sodium warning regulation and hypertension prevalence 2005 2020 |
| topic | Menu labeling Nutrition labeling Eating out Restaurants Nutrition Salt |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335525001913 |
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