Optimal Power Flow Formulations for Coordinating Controllable Loads in Distribution Grids: An Overview of Constraint Handling and Hyper Parameter Tuning When Using Metaheuristic Solvers

In the future, higher penetrations of electrical loads in low-voltage distribution grids are to be expected. To prevent grid overload, a possible solution is coordination of controllable loads. Typical examples might be charging of electric vehicles or operation of electric heat pumps. Such loads ar...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: André Ulrich, Ingo Stadler, Eberhard Waffenschmidt
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Electricity
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4826/6/2/31
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