Experimental Investigation on Fatigue Crack Propagation in Surface-Hardened Layer of High-Speed Train Axles
This study examines fatigue crack growth behavior in induction-hardened S38C axle steel with a gradient microstructure. High-frequency three-point bending fatigue tests were conducted to evaluate crack growth rates (d<i>a</i>/d<i>N</i>) across three depth-defined regions: a h...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/7/638 |
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| author | Chun Gao Zhengwei Yu Yuanyuan Zhang Tao Fan Bo Zhang Huajian Song Hang Su |
| author_facet | Chun Gao Zhengwei Yu Yuanyuan Zhang Tao Fan Bo Zhang Huajian Song Hang Su |
| author_sort | Chun Gao |
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| description | This study examines fatigue crack growth behavior in induction-hardened S38C axle steel with a gradient microstructure. High-frequency three-point bending fatigue tests were conducted to evaluate crack growth rates (d<i>a</i>/d<i>N</i>) across three depth-defined regions: a hardened layer, a heterogeneous transition zone, and a normalized core. Depth-resolved d<i>a</i>/d<i>N</i>–Δ<i>K</i> relationships were established, and Paris Law parameters were extracted. The surface-hardened layer exhibited the lowest crack growth rates and flattest Paris slope, while the transition zone showed notable scatter due to microstructural heterogeneity and residual stress effects. These findings provide experimental insight into the fatigue performance of gradient-structured axle steels and offer guidance for fatigue life prediction and inspection planning. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e37f0c2b5ee24c3fa6f7bcb5dfa6f73d |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj-art-e37f0c2b5ee24c3fa6f7bcb5dfa6f73d2025-07-25T13:19:15ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522025-07-0115763810.3390/cryst15070638Experimental Investigation on Fatigue Crack Propagation in Surface-Hardened Layer of High-Speed Train AxlesChun Gao0Zhengwei Yu1Yuanyuan Zhang2Tao Fan3Bo Zhang4Huajian Song5Hang Su6School of Civil Engineering, Harbin University, Harbin 150086, ChinaCollege of Science, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150020, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Harbin University, Harbin 150086, ChinaHeilongjiang Zhongbei Post and Telecommunications Construction and Development Company, Harbin 150036, ChinaZhongte (Shenzhen) Intelligent Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, ChinaSchool of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, ChinaDepartment of Civil Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USAThis study examines fatigue crack growth behavior in induction-hardened S38C axle steel with a gradient microstructure. High-frequency three-point bending fatigue tests were conducted to evaluate crack growth rates (d<i>a</i>/d<i>N</i>) across three depth-defined regions: a hardened layer, a heterogeneous transition zone, and a normalized core. Depth-resolved d<i>a</i>/d<i>N</i>–Δ<i>K</i> relationships were established, and Paris Law parameters were extracted. The surface-hardened layer exhibited the lowest crack growth rates and flattest Paris slope, while the transition zone showed notable scatter due to microstructural heterogeneity and residual stress effects. These findings provide experimental insight into the fatigue performance of gradient-structured axle steels and offer guidance for fatigue life prediction and inspection planning.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/7/638fatigue crack propagationthree-point bendingcrack measurementfractographyhigh-speed train axlesurface hardening |
| spellingShingle | Chun Gao Zhengwei Yu Yuanyuan Zhang Tao Fan Bo Zhang Huajian Song Hang Su Experimental Investigation on Fatigue Crack Propagation in Surface-Hardened Layer of High-Speed Train Axles Crystals fatigue crack propagation three-point bending crack measurement fractography high-speed train axle surface hardening |
| title | Experimental Investigation on Fatigue Crack Propagation in Surface-Hardened Layer of High-Speed Train Axles |
| title_full | Experimental Investigation on Fatigue Crack Propagation in Surface-Hardened Layer of High-Speed Train Axles |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Investigation on Fatigue Crack Propagation in Surface-Hardened Layer of High-Speed Train Axles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Investigation on Fatigue Crack Propagation in Surface-Hardened Layer of High-Speed Train Axles |
| title_short | Experimental Investigation on Fatigue Crack Propagation in Surface-Hardened Layer of High-Speed Train Axles |
| title_sort | experimental investigation on fatigue crack propagation in surface hardened layer of high speed train axles |
| topic | fatigue crack propagation three-point bending crack measurement fractography high-speed train axle surface hardening |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/7/638 |
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