Enhancing Automotive Performance: A Comparative Study of Spark Plug Electrode Configurations on Engine Behaviour and Emission Characteristics

This work systematically explores the impact of spark plug electrode number on engine performance and environmental effects, including noise, vibration, fuel consumption, and exhaust emissions. Indicators of combustion efficiency and mechanical health are engine vibration and noise; emissions direct...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Essam B. Moustafa, Hossameldin Hussein
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Vehicles
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8921/7/2/55
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