Evaluation of Ear Thermographic Imaging as a Potential Variable for Detecting Hypocalcemia in Postpartum Holstein Dairy Cows

Hypocalcemia is common in dairy cows within the first 72 h post-calving, and can be either clinical or subclinical. Early detection is critical, but traditional laboratory tests are time-consuming and cow-side tests remain costly. A classic symptom of hypocalcemia is reduced ear skin temperature, wh...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Guilherme Violin, Nanako Mochizuki, Simon Stephen Abraham Warju, Megumi Itoh, Takahiro Aoki
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Animals
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/14/2055
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