Nonlinear Dynamical Model and Analysis of Emotional Propagation Based on Caputo Derivative

Conventional integer-order models fail to adequately capture non-local memory effects and constrained nonlinear interactions in emotional dynamics. To address these limitations, we propose a coupled framework that integrates Caputo fractional derivatives with hyperbolic tangent–based interaction fun...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Liang Hong, Lipu Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Mathematics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/13/2044
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