Development and Performance Evaluation of Central Pipe for Middle-Deep Geothermal Heat Pump Systems

In this study, the optimal design of the central pipe in a middle-deep geothermal heat pump (MD-GHP) system is studied using the response surface method to improve the system’s coefficient of performance (COP) and operational reliability. Firstly, a model describing the energy transfer and conversio...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiong Zhang, Ziyan Zhao, Zhengrong Guan, Jiaojiao Lv, Lu Cui
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/14/3713
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