Network Toxicology and Molecular Docking to Elucidate the Mechanisms of Intestinal Toxicity Induced by P-Phenylenediamine Antioxidants and Their Quinone Derivatives

P-phenylenediamines (PPDs) and their quinone derivatives (PPDQs), emerging pollutants widespread in urban environments, exhibit biotoxicological risks. Epidemiological studies suggest their adverse impacts on intestinal health, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to invest...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hui Zou, Yumei Tan, Xiyi Ren, Zhu Li, Yongxiang Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Toxics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/6/480
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