Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) Immunohistochemical Assessment in Urothelial Carcinomas: “Teaching” Cell Differentiation to AI Systems

Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) Immunohistochemical Assessment in Urothelial Carcinomas: “Teaching” Cell Differentiation to AI Systems

Assessment of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemical (IHC) expression on tumor cells (TCs) and immune cells (ICs) in bladder cancer (BC) is challenging. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has potential for accurate PD-L1 IHC scoring, but its efficiency remains debatable. Our aim was to comp...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ioan Alin Nechifor-Boilă, Adela Nechifor-Boilă, Andrada Loghin, Carmen Mihaela Mihu, Carmen Stanca Melincovici, Mădălin Mihai Onofrei, Călin Bogdan Chibelean, Orsolya Martha, Angela Borda
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Life
Subjects:
PD-L1
bladder cancer
immunohistochemistry
artificial intelligence
QuPath
whole slide imaging
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/6/839
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https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/6/839

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