Optimizing PVDF-Tannic acid membrane for treating actual river water using response surface methodology
In this study, we refined the development process of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). to address a key research gap in multi-step tannic acid (TA)–based membrane modification for real river water treatment. This multi-step approach integrates phase...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-07-01
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| Series: | South African Journal of Chemical Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1026918525000514 |
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| author | Rosmaya Dewi Muhammad Roil Bilad Muhammad Saifullah Abu Bakar Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Norazanita Shamsuddin |
| author_facet | Rosmaya Dewi Muhammad Roil Bilad Muhammad Saifullah Abu Bakar Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Norazanita Shamsuddin |
| author_sort | Rosmaya Dewi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we refined the development process of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). to address a key research gap in multi-step tannic acid (TA)–based membrane modification for real river water treatment. This multi-step approach integrates phase inversion with surface coatings to minimize morphological alterations commonly encountered in single-step methods. Our goals were to maximize both pure and river water permeability (PWP and RWP, respectively) and achieve high rejection of natural organic matter (NOM). The Central Composite Design matrix was utilized to effectively assess how various factors influence these goals and develop predictive regression models. Three key parameters were selected: tannic acid [TA] in the range of 0–1 g/L, [Fe3+] in the range of 0–1 g/L, and coating duration spanning from 0.5 to 5 min. Performance assessment of the membranes was carried out using a cross-flow microfiltration system enhanced practical applicability by treating actual river water. The results indicate that the developed membranes exhibit enhanced hydrophilicity and anti-fouling properties compared to the pristine PVDF membranes. According to the analysis of variance, all parameters hold statistical significance in relation to PWP and NOM rejection, with [Fe3+] and coating duration being particularly significant for the RWP model. The optimal experimental conditions for PWP, RWP, and NOM rejection were [TA] at 0.542 g/L, [Fe3+] at zero, and a coating duration of 0.5 min. Remarkable performances were obtained, including a maximum NOM rejection of 91.546 %, RWP of 546.203 L/m2h bar, and PWP of 739.997 L/m2h bar. The error percentages for PWP, RWP, and NOM rejection between the predicted and experimental values were found to be 7.7 %, 2.9 %, and 1.9 %, respectively, confirming the validity and accuracy of the models. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4a499f59d70b47eba7b042ca5b7dd2d3 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 1026-9185 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | South African Journal of Chemical Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-4a499f59d70b47eba7b042ca5b7dd2d32025-07-19T04:37:58ZengElsevierSouth African Journal of Chemical Engineering1026-91852025-07-0153202213Optimizing PVDF-Tannic acid membrane for treating actual river water using response surface methodologyRosmaya Dewi0Muhammad Roil Bilad1Muhammad Saifullah Abu Bakar2Ahmad Fauzi Ismail3Norazanita Shamsuddin4Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link BE1410, BruneiFaculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link BE1410, Brunei; Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika, Jl. Pemuda No 59A, Mataram 83126, IndonesiaFaculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link BE1410, BruneiAdvanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), N29A, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, MalaysiaFaculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link BE1410, Brunei; Corresponding author.In this study, we refined the development process of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). to address a key research gap in multi-step tannic acid (TA)–based membrane modification for real river water treatment. This multi-step approach integrates phase inversion with surface coatings to minimize morphological alterations commonly encountered in single-step methods. Our goals were to maximize both pure and river water permeability (PWP and RWP, respectively) and achieve high rejection of natural organic matter (NOM). The Central Composite Design matrix was utilized to effectively assess how various factors influence these goals and develop predictive regression models. Three key parameters were selected: tannic acid [TA] in the range of 0–1 g/L, [Fe3+] in the range of 0–1 g/L, and coating duration spanning from 0.5 to 5 min. Performance assessment of the membranes was carried out using a cross-flow microfiltration system enhanced practical applicability by treating actual river water. The results indicate that the developed membranes exhibit enhanced hydrophilicity and anti-fouling properties compared to the pristine PVDF membranes. According to the analysis of variance, all parameters hold statistical significance in relation to PWP and NOM rejection, with [Fe3+] and coating duration being particularly significant for the RWP model. The optimal experimental conditions for PWP, RWP, and NOM rejection were [TA] at 0.542 g/L, [Fe3+] at zero, and a coating duration of 0.5 min. Remarkable performances were obtained, including a maximum NOM rejection of 91.546 %, RWP of 546.203 L/m2h bar, and PWP of 739.997 L/m2h bar. The error percentages for PWP, RWP, and NOM rejection between the predicted and experimental values were found to be 7.7 %, 2.9 %, and 1.9 %, respectively, confirming the validity and accuracy of the models.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1026918525000514Response surface methodologyPolyvinylidene difluorideTannic acidFerric ChlorideNatural Organic Matter |
| spellingShingle | Rosmaya Dewi Muhammad Roil Bilad Muhammad Saifullah Abu Bakar Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Norazanita Shamsuddin Optimizing PVDF-Tannic acid membrane for treating actual river water using response surface methodology South African Journal of Chemical Engineering Response surface methodology Polyvinylidene difluoride Tannic acid Ferric Chloride Natural Organic Matter |
| title | Optimizing PVDF-Tannic acid membrane for treating actual river water using response surface methodology |
| title_full | Optimizing PVDF-Tannic acid membrane for treating actual river water using response surface methodology |
| title_fullStr | Optimizing PVDF-Tannic acid membrane for treating actual river water using response surface methodology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimizing PVDF-Tannic acid membrane for treating actual river water using response surface methodology |
| title_short | Optimizing PVDF-Tannic acid membrane for treating actual river water using response surface methodology |
| title_sort | optimizing pvdf tannic acid membrane for treating actual river water using response surface methodology |
| topic | Response surface methodology Polyvinylidene difluoride Tannic acid Ferric Chloride Natural Organic Matter |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1026918525000514 |
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