Drug substitutes − Insights on benefits, risks, detection methods, and management strategies: a systematic review

The abuse of new psychoactive substances and narcotic drugs as drug substitutes poses a serious threat to public health and safety. This study outlines the effective use and negative abuse of drug substitutes and outlines associated criminal behaviors to help readers understand the potential risks o...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Song Bai, Miao Li, Shouying Tang, Suran Wan, Rong Wu, Lijun Chen, Fang Wang, Shan Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychiatry
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1600212/full
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