The effectiveness of the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score in predicting lymph node metastasis in radiologically n0 locally advanced upper rectal cancer

Background and ObjectiveReliable preoperative identification of lymph node metastasis in clinically node-negative (cN0) patients with locally advanced upper rectal cancer (LAURC) remains a major clinical challenge due to the limited sensitivity of imaging modalities. The HALP score—calculated from h...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Osman Bardakçı, Gökay Çetinkaya
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Oncology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2025.1579581/full
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