Antimicrobial and Anti-Efflux Machinery of FDA-Approved Proton Pump Inhibitors and Vitamins Against <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>

Background: The efflux system is one of the resistance mechanisms that bacteria use to reduce the effectiveness of antibiotics, leading to the development of multidrug resistance. To evaluate other treatment choices, esomeprazole (ESO), omeprazole (OME), pantoprazole (PAN), vitamin D (VD), and vitam...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lekaa L. Lutfi, Moataz A. Shaldam, Mona I. Shaaban, Soha Lotfy Elshaer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Microorganisms
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/6/1227
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