Formation and Early Evolution of Protoplanetary Disks under Nonuniform Cosmic-Ray Ionization
Angular momentum transport by magnetic fields is important for formation and evolution of protoplanetary disks. The effects of magnetic fields are suppressed due to nonideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects such as ambipolar diffusion and Ohmic dissipation, which depend on the degree of ionization....
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Main Authors: | , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
IOP Publishing
2025-01-01
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Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/addbe2 |
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