Causal relationship between varicose veins and hydrocele: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between varicose veins and hydroceles. Methods: Genetic data for varicose veins and hydroceles were extracted from a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). A total of 22,037 cases of varicose veins and 2634 cases of hydroceles were in...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chunzhi Guo, Yan Qu, Hong Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2025-05-01
Series:SAGE Open Medicine
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121251338670
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