Data-Driven Simulation of Navigator Stress in Close-Quarter Ship Encounters: Insights for Maritime Risk Assessment and Intelligent Training Design

This study presents a data-driven analysis of navigator stress and workload levels in simulated ship encounters within restricted waters, leveraging real-world automatic identification system (AIS) data from Makassar Port, Indonesia. Six close-quarter scenarios were recreated to reflect critical enc...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Joe Ronald Kurniawan Bokau, Youngsoo Park, Daewon Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/14/7630
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