Search Results - "Clinical Epidemiology"

Background: A combined effect of increased insulin resistance (IR) due to placental hormones and insufficient insulin production due to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction leads to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). As gestational age progresses, pregnancy-related discomfort and concerns related to the...

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Background and aim: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and other health complications. Its prevalence is rising globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS and identi...

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Background: Poor medication adherence to treatment regimen and medication errors among patients are the main concerns for pharmacists. One creative way to make medical information easier to understand, improve health literacy, and be more memorable for patients is through simple, culturally relevant...

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Introduction: Ageism is a phenomenon occurring rapidly worldwide and has led stakeholders to consider strategies that can be planned for the welfare of elderly individuals. Policymakers, healthcare sector leaders, and leaders must take rapid steps to improve elderly care because of the predicted inc...

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Background: Mental health literacy (MHL) plays an integral role in addressing mental health challenges, reducing stigma, and promoting well-being among adolescents. This study intended to assess the MHL level and identify its socio-demographic determinants among late adolescents in India, which has...

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Objective: This study explores the impact of personal, lifestyle, and occupational factors on sleep quality among IT professionals and evaluates their influence on cognitive and physical functions. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical design was conducted among 182 IT professionals aged 20–59 years...

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Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are chronic, non-transmissible conditions, with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounting for 80 % of NCD-related deaths. Their prevalence and associated risk facto...

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Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) refer to various types of abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction that individuals may experience in childhood. These experiences can lead to significant long-term effects on mental health and behavior. Individuals with higher ACE scores are more li...

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Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to a decrease in the function of the insulin hormone in lowering blood sugar levels or insulin resistance. In Aceh, Indonesia, traditional medicine remains integral to the healthcare practices of its communi...

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Introduction: The onset of tobacco use is occurring at increasingly younger ages. Numerous studies have identified risk and protective factors associated with smoking in adolescents, with family factors being among the most influential. Likewise, the group of friends and the role of teachers as role...

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Objective: The study aimed to assess the willingness for organ donation among the family members of deceased individuals whose bodies were brought for postmortem examination and the sociodemographic factors associated with it at a tertiary care institute in North India. Methods: A prospective observ...

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Abstract: Tuberculosis, the leading cause of death among infectious origin, globally causes disease to more than 10 million people each year. Available estimates indicate a higher prevalence amongst vulnerable populations. Aim and objectives: To estimate the prevalence of tuberculosis infection amon...

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Background: Successful aging, within the context of a life course approach, emphasizes the direct proportionality of happiness with physical, cognitive, mental, and social well-being. Subjective well-being is a robust predictor of the overall health and functioning of individuals. The current study...

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Background: Shift workers are recognized to experience circadian rhythm disturbances, metabolic risks, and oxidative stress, increasing their susceptibility to numerous diseases. This study compared day and rotating shift nurses' metabolic, oxidative, and psychological profiles. Methods: A rand...

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Background: Although antenatal care (ANC) services are offered free of charge at public healthcare facilities in India, Bihar state has a low ANC utilization rate due to service quality gaps. This study examines these gaps from the perspective of Left-Behind Wives (LBWs) residing in urban low socioe...

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Background: Climate change, particularly the rise in global temperatures, has significantly increased the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the CVD-burden attributable to temperature variations within the context of India's diverse...

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Background: Blindness and visual impairment in children are a serious problem that affects their daily lives. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence, causes, and risk factors of this ophthalmological problem worldwide. Methods: To do this, we carried out an in-depth search on se...

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Background: Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) like BREAST-Q are vital for understanding patients' health and QoL after breast cancer treatment. However, its English-only format limits use in India, where cultural and language barriers affect data accuracy. With an 80 % breast-conserving...

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Objective: The purpose of this study is to verify if the benefits obtained in behavioral variables by intervention participants of the “Active Life Improving Health” (VAMOS) program were associated with access to places for physical activity and healthy eating. Methods: Street network buffer areas o...

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