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In the European Union, cohesion policy is the third country after the domestic and social policy, as this policy is a tool for economic growth and also a balancing factor. Through its solidarity funds contribute to the other sectorial policies: the Common Agricultural Policy, social policy, environm...

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In social policy, a distinct field is the employment policies. Their aim is to maintain and increase employment through direct or indirect actions. These actions are intended to provide jobs for young people entering the labor market, for the unemployed and others who want to hire as employees. This...

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MacLabour migration is a present phenomenon in the European Union. This phenomenon takes over the entire European continent, but especially in the EU countries. The labor market in Europe is increasingly affected by population aging. Economic differences between European countries make workforce in...

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The purpose of this article is to present the evolution of the index of efficiency of direct and indirect taxes recorded in Romania in 2011 as well as to compare the effectiveness of fiscal policy situation of our country to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe.

This study is aimed at identifying the relationship between stock dividend issue and return rate of share of 100 firms from Tehran Stock Exchange during years 2007-2011 tending to issue stock dividend. Pearson correlation test was used to examine the relationship between stock dividend issues and re...

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This study examines the relationship between capital structure and stock returns of firms in the following eight countries in the Asia Pacific regionfor a period of 22 years from 1990 to 2012. The methodology is Panel Regression. The results indicate that the effect of capital structure depends on t...

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Sustainable development addresses the complex concept of quality of life, economically, socially and environmentally, by promoting the idea of balance between economic development, social equity, efficiency and environmental conservation. This article aims to analyze a number of indicators of sustai...

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Employment policies are a set of measures developed by the state to intervene in the labor market in order to stimulate job creation, improvement of human resources to adapt to the needs of the economy, to ensure fluid and efficient labor market flexibility, decreasing the imbalances and dysfunction...

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This paper investigates the causal relationship between environmental quality, GDP and trade for MENA region countries by using panel unit root tests and panel cointegration analysis for the period 1970-2011. The results show a strong causality from GDP and trade to environmental quality in these co...

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In this paper, the asymmetric effects of oil price shocks on GDP have been investigated by co-integration analysis in Iran economy during the period 1960-2010. We used Hodrick-Prescott filtering to separate positive shocks from negative shocks. The results showed that in long run the negative shocks...

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In this study, the effects of trade openness and foreign direct investment on economic growth through the transfer of technology have been examined. To investigate this issue, we use a sample of 19 oil-rich countries over the time period 1991-2006.We estimate two models to investigate this issue. At...

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Both political risk and financial risk represent a great loss of profitable opportunities in the host countries and a serious threat on the attractiveness of foreign direct investments (FDI)in almost all developing countries among them Algeria . Methods & results: This paper attempts t...

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The fight against shadow economy must be addressed not only as a permanent concern of economic analysts and decision-makers, but rather as a problematic ethical-moral nature affecting economic and interpersonal relations, as strategic and operational object. The authors attempt outline an institutio...

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According to international auditing standards, fraud is an intentionally action realised by one or more persons as management, employees or third parties, action that generate erroneous interpretation of financial statements. The real intention is to cheat. However, there can be involved some errone...

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This paper has tried to apply BMA approach in order to investigate important influential variables on Gini coefficient in Iran over the period 1976-2010. The results indicate that the GDP growth is the most important variable affecting the Gini coefficient and has a positive influence on it. Also th...

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Of all the current macroeconomic imbalances, the inflationary phenomenon is one of the most difficult to combat. In some countries, inflation was the main enemy of economic progress. The effects of this phenomenon are largely dependent on the intensity of expectations as well as on the ability to be...

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Grey system theory looks for realistic patterns based on modeling with a few available data. In this paper, a Grey-Markov prediction model which is the combination of the GM(1,1) and Markov model was studied; Moreover, its applications in energy system were presented. The average errors of Energy In...

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This study estimates market risk of total 45 listed companies in Viet Nam public utilities, natural gas and oil industry during the financial crisis period 2007-2009. Firstly, we found out in the research sample that there are 82% of firms, of total listed firms, with beta values lower than (<)...

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Grey theory deals with systems with inadequate, poor and uncertain information. Modeling against insufficient sample and saturated sequence, Grey Verhulst model has its particular perfection. Its modeling process is easy and high prediction accuracy can be achieved. In this paper, the application of...

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The investment projects have of particular importance for the development and progress of an organization. The development of investment projects involves making a decision and the existence of financial resources. The agriculture has specific features and contributes significantly to the gross dome...

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