<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> Uses Specific Volatiles to Assess Maize Development for Optimal Offspring Survival
<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>, a major global agricultural pest, poses significant challenges to chemical control methods due to pesticide resistance and environmental concerns, underscoring the need for sustainable management strategies. Attractants based on host plant volatiles offer a...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| author | Hanbing Li Peng Wan Zhihui Zhu Dong Xu Shengbo Cong Min Xu Haichen Yin |
| author_facet | Hanbing Li Peng Wan Zhihui Zhu Dong Xu Shengbo Cong Min Xu Haichen Yin |
| author_sort | Hanbing Li |
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| description | <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>, a major global agricultural pest, poses significant challenges to chemical control methods due to pesticide resistance and environmental concerns, underscoring the need for sustainable management strategies. Attractants based on host plant volatiles offer a promising eco-friendly approach, but their development for <i>S. frugiperda</i> is hindered by limited research on host recognition mechanisms. This study reveals that female <i>S. frugiperda</i> preferentially oviposit on maize at the seedling stage. Using electrophysiological techniques, we identified p-xylene and (+)-camphor from seedling-stage maize volatiles as key compounds eliciting strong responses in female <i>S. frugiperda</i>. Behavioral assays confirmed that these compounds (p-xylene at the concentration of 5%, 10%, and 20% and (+)-camphor at 1%, 5%, and 10%) significantly attract females, establishing them as the key odor cues for host selection. Moreover, these volatiles are more abundant in seedling-stage maize, suggesting that <i>S. frugiperda</i> assesses maize growth stages based on their concentrations. Importantly, larvae reared on seedling-stage maize exhibited higher survival rates than those on later-stage maize, indicating that oviposition site selection directly affects offspring fitness. These findings demonstrate that <i>S. frugiperda</i> uses p-xylene and (+)-camphor to evaluate maize development and select suitable oviposition sites, thereby enhancing larval survival. This study provides a foundation for developing targeted attractants for <i>S. frugiperda</i> and highlights the seedling stage as a critical period for implementing pest control measures, particularly in autumn maize production, given the higher pest population density during this phase. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj-art-f8bb0e74600a4c7aad89c80def43d2c12025-06-25T13:58:20ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502025-06-0116659210.3390/insects16060592<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> Uses Specific Volatiles to Assess Maize Development for Optimal Offspring SurvivalHanbing Li0Peng Wan1Zhihui Zhu2Dong Xu3Shengbo Cong4Min Xu5Haichen Yin6Central China Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Major Crop Diseases, Pests and Weeds Prevention and Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaCentral China Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Major Crop Diseases, Pests and Weeds Prevention and Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaHubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaCentral China Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Major Crop Diseases, Pests and Weeds Prevention and Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaCentral China Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Major Crop Diseases, Pests and Weeds Prevention and Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaCentral China Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Major Crop Diseases, Pests and Weeds Prevention and Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaCentral China Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Major Crop Diseases, Pests and Weeds Prevention and Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>, a major global agricultural pest, poses significant challenges to chemical control methods due to pesticide resistance and environmental concerns, underscoring the need for sustainable management strategies. Attractants based on host plant volatiles offer a promising eco-friendly approach, but their development for <i>S. frugiperda</i> is hindered by limited research on host recognition mechanisms. This study reveals that female <i>S. frugiperda</i> preferentially oviposit on maize at the seedling stage. Using electrophysiological techniques, we identified p-xylene and (+)-camphor from seedling-stage maize volatiles as key compounds eliciting strong responses in female <i>S. frugiperda</i>. Behavioral assays confirmed that these compounds (p-xylene at the concentration of 5%, 10%, and 20% and (+)-camphor at 1%, 5%, and 10%) significantly attract females, establishing them as the key odor cues for host selection. Moreover, these volatiles are more abundant in seedling-stage maize, suggesting that <i>S. frugiperda</i> assesses maize growth stages based on their concentrations. Importantly, larvae reared on seedling-stage maize exhibited higher survival rates than those on later-stage maize, indicating that oviposition site selection directly affects offspring fitness. These findings demonstrate that <i>S. frugiperda</i> uses p-xylene and (+)-camphor to evaluate maize development and select suitable oviposition sites, thereby enhancing larval survival. This study provides a foundation for developing targeted attractants for <i>S. frugiperda</i> and highlights the seedling stage as a critical period for implementing pest control measures, particularly in autumn maize production, given the higher pest population density during this phase.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/6/592(+)-camphorgrowth stagehost recognition mechanismmaizep-xylene<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> |
| spellingShingle | Hanbing Li Peng Wan Zhihui Zhu Dong Xu Shengbo Cong Min Xu Haichen Yin <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> Uses Specific Volatiles to Assess Maize Development for Optimal Offspring Survival Insects (+)-camphor growth stage host recognition mechanism maize p-xylene <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> |
| title | <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> Uses Specific Volatiles to Assess Maize Development for Optimal Offspring Survival |
| title_full | <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> Uses Specific Volatiles to Assess Maize Development for Optimal Offspring Survival |
| title_fullStr | <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> Uses Specific Volatiles to Assess Maize Development for Optimal Offspring Survival |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> Uses Specific Volatiles to Assess Maize Development for Optimal Offspring Survival |
| title_short | <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> Uses Specific Volatiles to Assess Maize Development for Optimal Offspring Survival |
| title_sort | i spodoptera frugiperda i uses specific volatiles to assess maize development for optimal offspring survival |
| topic | (+)-camphor growth stage host recognition mechanism maize p-xylene <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/6/592 |
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