IMPACT OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY OR INSUFFICIENCY ON THE SEVERITY OF COVID-19 IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS

Introduction. Among the risk factors for severe, complicated course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the potential role of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is attracting increasing attention. Aim. To analyze the frequency of detection of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency in hospit...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Olga A. Golubovska, Kyrylo O. Chalyy, Oleksandra V. Bezrodna, Anastasiia A. Holubovska
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: State Institution of Science «Research and Practical Center of Preventive and Clinical Medicine» State Administrative Department 2025-04-01
Series:Клінічна та профілактична медицина
Subjects:
Online Access:https://cp-medical.com/index.php/journal/article/view/582
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Introduction. Among the risk factors for severe, complicated course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the potential role of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is attracting increasing attention. Aim. To analyze the frequency of detection of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency in hospitalized patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, depending on the severity of the disease. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records of 118 patients with COVID-19 (diagnosis was confirmed by PCR or rapid test for qualitative determination of the virus antigen) who were inpatients at the private clinic “Oberig” during 2020–2021 was conducted. All patients underwent vitamin D level measurement (25(OH)D3), followed by analysis of the frequency of detection of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency depending on the disease severity. Results. It was found that 73.7% (n=87) of patients had a deficiency or insufficiency of vitamin D; the frequency among women was 79.2% (n=48) and among men – 70.0% (n=49). Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency was observed: in 76.8% (n=33) of patients with a moderate course of the disease; in 66.7% (n=30) of patients with a severe or critical course of the disease; in 80.0% (n=24) of patients who died. The mortality rate (MR) among patients with normal vitamin D levels was 19.4% (95% CI 7.2-35.6) versus 27.6% (95% CI 18.6-37.5) among patients with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. The MR among patients aged 65 years and older with normal vitamin D levels was 30.0% (95% CI 4.8-65.0), but in patients with vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency it was approximately 1.5 times higher and equal to 44.7% (95% CI 29.0-61.1). Conclusions. According to the results, the incidence of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency among hospitalized patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 is 73.7%. However, when conducting multiple comparisons, no relationship was found between the age of patients and the frequency of detection of low vitamin D levels in the main group and separately in men and women. Also, no statistically significant difference in vitamin D levels was found in patients with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency in clusters according to the severity of the disease. A 1.5-fold increase in the frequency of deaths was noted among patients in the age group older than 65 years with vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency compared to patients with normal vitamin D levels, which may indicate the importance of the management vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in preventing the severe course of COVID-19.
ISSN:2616-4868