In Vitro Antioxidant Potential, Antidiabetic Activities, and GC–MS Analysis of Lipid Extracts of <i>Chlorella</i> Microalgae

In Vitro Antioxidant Potential, Antidiabetic Activities, and GC–MS Analysis of Lipid Extracts of <i>Chlorella</i> Microalgae

Microalgae represent promising biotechnological platforms for bioactive compound production with pharmaceutical applications. This study investigated the phytochemical composition and biological activities of lipid extracts from three <i>Chlorella</i> species to evaluate their potential...

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Main Authors: Somruthai Kaeoboon, Rattanaporn Songserm, Rungcharn Suksungworn, Sutsawat Duangsrisai, Nuttha Sanevas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:BioTech
Subjects:
green algae
phytochemical
GC–MS
α-glucosidase
α-amylase
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6284/14/2/46
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Summary:Microalgae represent promising biotechnological platforms for bioactive compound production with pharmaceutical applications. This study investigated the phytochemical composition and biological activities of lipid extracts from three <i>Chlorella</i> species to evaluate their potential as antioxidant and antidiabetic sources. Lipid extraction using chloroform–methanol (2:1) followed by GC–MS analysis revealed distinct compound distributions: 29 compounds in <i>C. ellipsoidea</i>, 33 in <i>C. sorokiniana</i>, and 19 in <i>C. vulgaris</i>. Major bioactive compounds included 2-hexanol, 1,3,6-heptatriene, 4-(2,3-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-yl)-4-methylpentanal, <i>n</i>-hexadecanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid. Biological activity screening encompassed antioxidant assessment through DPPH• and •NO radical scavenging assays and FRAP analysis, while antidiabetic potential was evaluated using α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition assays. <i>C. sorokiniana</i> exhibited superior bioactivity with the highest antioxidant capacity (DPPH• IC<sub>50</sub> = 329.03 ± 4.30 µg/mL; •NO IC<sub>50</sub> = 435.53 ± 10.20 µg/mL; FRAP = 94.74 ± 5.72 mg TE/g) and strongest enzyme inhibition (α-glucosidase IC<sub>50</sub> = 752.75 ± 57.95 µg/mL; α-amylase IC<sub>50</sub> = 3458.50 ± 104.01 µg/mL). This is the first report on <i>C. sorokiniana</i> strain KU.B2′s biological properties and phytochemical profile. These findings establish <i>C. sorokiniana</i> as a valuable biotechnological platform for pharmaceutical bioactive compound development.
ISSN:2673-6284

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