Infective Larvae of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) Are Captured and Destroyed by Nematode-Trapping Fungi <i>Dactylellina</i> spp. (Fungi: Orbiliales)
This study aimed to explore and identify soil-dwelling nematophagous fungi (NF) from the “El Texcal” Ecological Reserve in Morelos, Mexico, and evaluate their potential as biological control agents against <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> infective larvae (<i>Hc</i>L3), a major pa...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| author | Manuel Salvador Balanzar-Aguilera Enrique Gutiérrez-Medina Gustavo Pérez-Anzúrez Edgar Jesús Delgado-Núñez María Eugenia López-Arellano Ana Yuridia Ocampo-Gutiérrez Pedro Mendoza-de Gives |
| author_facet | Manuel Salvador Balanzar-Aguilera Enrique Gutiérrez-Medina Gustavo Pérez-Anzúrez Edgar Jesús Delgado-Núñez María Eugenia López-Arellano Ana Yuridia Ocampo-Gutiérrez Pedro Mendoza-de Gives |
| author_sort | Manuel Salvador Balanzar-Aguilera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to explore and identify soil-dwelling nematophagous fungi (NF) from the “El Texcal” Ecological Reserve in Morelos, Mexico, and evaluate their potential as biological control agents against <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> infective larvae (<i>Hc</i>L3), a major parasitic threat in livestock systems. The fungi were isolated from soil using the sprinkling of soil on water agar plates. The identification of NF was achieved using morphological identification keys, which was corroborated by molecular procedures using the PCR technique in the ITS4 and ITS5 regions. The nematocidal effects occasioned by these NF were examined through their predatory activity (PA) against <i>Hc</i>L3 on water agar plates, and additionally, the larval mortality attributed to their liquid filtrates (LFs) was assessed at three different concentrations (25, 50, and 100 mg/mL) on 96-well microtiter plates. Two NF were identified and classified as two species of <i>Dactylellina</i> genus, namely <i>D. haptospora</i> (<i>Dh</i>) and <i>D. phymatopaga</i> (<i>Dp</i>). The PA exhibited by these NF were 94.79% for <i>Dh</i> and 68.88% for <i>Dp</i>; while their LFs showed 27.83% mortality for <i>Dh</i> and 32.86% for <i>Dp</i> at the highest concentration assessed. While the PA was notably high, the moderate larvicidal effect of the LF suggests that their efficacy may primarily rely on direct physical interaction rather than metabolite-mediated toxicity. The high PA demonstrated by these two isolates of NF indicates that they could be effective candidates for biological control agents against <i>Hc</i>L3. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ed3b4f0bc63b47e7908f11338d3781b0 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2673-6772 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| series | Parasitologia |
| spelling | doaj-art-ed3b4f0bc63b47e7908f11338d3781b02025-06-25T14:16:40ZengMDPI AGParasitologia2673-67722025-06-01522610.3390/parasitologia5020026Infective Larvae of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) Are Captured and Destroyed by Nematode-Trapping Fungi <i>Dactylellina</i> spp. (Fungi: Orbiliales)Manuel Salvador Balanzar-Aguilera0Enrique Gutiérrez-Medina1Gustavo Pérez-Anzúrez2Edgar Jesús Delgado-Núñez3María Eugenia López-Arellano4Ana Yuridia Ocampo-Gutiérrez5Pedro Mendoza-de Gives6Laboratory of Helminthology, National Center for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity, INIFAP, Boulevard Paseo Cuauhnahuac No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec CP 62550, MexicoLaboratory of Helminthology, National Center for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity, INIFAP, Boulevard Paseo Cuauhnahuac No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec CP 62550, MexicoLaboratory of Helminthology, National Center for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity, INIFAP, Boulevard Paseo Cuauhnahuac No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec CP 62550, MexicoFaculty of Agricultural, Livestock and Environmental Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Guerrero, Iguala de la Independencia CP 40040, MexicoLaboratory of Helminthology, National Center for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity, INIFAP, Boulevard Paseo Cuauhnahuac No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec CP 62550, MexicoLaboratory of Helminthology, National Center for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity, INIFAP, Boulevard Paseo Cuauhnahuac No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec CP 62550, MexicoLaboratory of Helminthology, National Center for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity, INIFAP, Boulevard Paseo Cuauhnahuac No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec CP 62550, MexicoThis study aimed to explore and identify soil-dwelling nematophagous fungi (NF) from the “El Texcal” Ecological Reserve in Morelos, Mexico, and evaluate their potential as biological control agents against <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> infective larvae (<i>Hc</i>L3), a major parasitic threat in livestock systems. The fungi were isolated from soil using the sprinkling of soil on water agar plates. The identification of NF was achieved using morphological identification keys, which was corroborated by molecular procedures using the PCR technique in the ITS4 and ITS5 regions. The nematocidal effects occasioned by these NF were examined through their predatory activity (PA) against <i>Hc</i>L3 on water agar plates, and additionally, the larval mortality attributed to their liquid filtrates (LFs) was assessed at three different concentrations (25, 50, and 100 mg/mL) on 96-well microtiter plates. Two NF were identified and classified as two species of <i>Dactylellina</i> genus, namely <i>D. haptospora</i> (<i>Dh</i>) and <i>D. phymatopaga</i> (<i>Dp</i>). The PA exhibited by these NF were 94.79% for <i>Dh</i> and 68.88% for <i>Dp</i>; while their LFs showed 27.83% mortality for <i>Dh</i> and 32.86% for <i>Dp</i> at the highest concentration assessed. While the PA was notably high, the moderate larvicidal effect of the LF suggests that their efficacy may primarily rely on direct physical interaction rather than metabolite-mediated toxicity. The high PA demonstrated by these two isolates of NF indicates that they could be effective candidates for biological control agents against <i>Hc</i>L3.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6772/5/2/26biocontrolnematode-trapping fungi<i>Haemonchus</i><i>Dactylellina</i>Mexico |
| spellingShingle | Manuel Salvador Balanzar-Aguilera Enrique Gutiérrez-Medina Gustavo Pérez-Anzúrez Edgar Jesús Delgado-Núñez María Eugenia López-Arellano Ana Yuridia Ocampo-Gutiérrez Pedro Mendoza-de Gives Infective Larvae of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) Are Captured and Destroyed by Nematode-Trapping Fungi <i>Dactylellina</i> spp. (Fungi: Orbiliales) Parasitologia biocontrol nematode-trapping fungi <i>Haemonchus</i> <i>Dactylellina</i> Mexico |
| title | Infective Larvae of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) Are Captured and Destroyed by Nematode-Trapping Fungi <i>Dactylellina</i> spp. (Fungi: Orbiliales) |
| title_full | Infective Larvae of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) Are Captured and Destroyed by Nematode-Trapping Fungi <i>Dactylellina</i> spp. (Fungi: Orbiliales) |
| title_fullStr | Infective Larvae of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) Are Captured and Destroyed by Nematode-Trapping Fungi <i>Dactylellina</i> spp. (Fungi: Orbiliales) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Infective Larvae of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) Are Captured and Destroyed by Nematode-Trapping Fungi <i>Dactylellina</i> spp. (Fungi: Orbiliales) |
| title_short | Infective Larvae of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) Are Captured and Destroyed by Nematode-Trapping Fungi <i>Dactylellina</i> spp. (Fungi: Orbiliales) |
| title_sort | infective larvae of i haemonchus contortus i nematoda trichostrongylidae are captured and destroyed by nematode trapping fungi i dactylellina i spp fungi orbiliales |
| topic | biocontrol nematode-trapping fungi <i>Haemonchus</i> <i>Dactylellina</i> Mexico |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6772/5/2/26 |
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