Buoyant Flow and Thermal Analysis in a Nanofluid-Filled Cylindrical Porous Annulus with a Circular Baffle: A Computational and Machine Learning-Based Approach
Control of buoyancy-assisted convective flow and the associated thermal behavior of nanofluids in finite-sized conduits has become a great challenge for the design of many types of thermal equipment, particularly for heat exchangers. This investigation discusses the numerical simulation of the buoya...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Mathematics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/12/2027 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1839653407779979264 |
|---|---|
| author | Pushpa Gowda Sankar Mani Ahmad Salah Sebastian A. Altmeyer |
| author_facet | Pushpa Gowda Sankar Mani Ahmad Salah Sebastian A. Altmeyer |
| author_sort | Pushpa Gowda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Control of buoyancy-assisted convective flow and the associated thermal behavior of nanofluids in finite-sized conduits has become a great challenge for the design of many types of thermal equipment, particularly for heat exchangers. This investigation discusses the numerical simulation of the buoyancy-driven convection (BDC) of a nanofluid (NF) in a differently heated cylindrical annular domain with an interior cylinder attached with a thin baffle. The annular region is filled with non-Darcy porous material saturated-nanofluid and both NF and the porous structure are in local thermal equilibrium (LTE). Higher thermal conditions are imposed along the interior cylinder as well as the baffle, while the exterior cylinder is maintained with lower or cold thermal conditions. The Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer model, which accounts for inertial, viscous, and non-linear drag forces was adopted to model the momentum equations. An implicit finite difference methodology by considering time-splitting methods for transient equations and relaxation-based techniques is chosen for the steady-state model equations. The impacts of various pertinent parameters, such as the Rayleigh and Darcy numbers, baffle dimensions, like length and position, on flow, thermal distributions, as well as thermal dissipation rates are systematically estimated through accurate numerical predictions. It was found that the baffle dimensions are very crucial parameters to effectively control the flow and associated thermal dissipation rates in the domain. In addition, machine learning techniques were adopted for the chosen analysis and an appropriate model developed to predict the outcome accurately among the different models considered. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ebd45f5f3e3d469fa28c4fbb5a7b04d1 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2227-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematics |
| spelling | doaj-art-ebd45f5f3e3d469fa28c4fbb5a7b04d12025-06-25T14:09:02ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902025-06-011312202710.3390/math13122027Buoyant Flow and Thermal Analysis in a Nanofluid-Filled Cylindrical Porous Annulus with a Circular Baffle: A Computational and Machine Learning-Based ApproachPushpa Gowda0Sankar Mani1Ahmad Salah2Sebastian A. Altmeyer3College of Computing and Information Sciences, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Nizwa 611, OmanCollege of Computing and Information Sciences, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Ibri P.O. Box 466, OmanCollege of Computing and Information Sciences, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Ibri P.O. Box 466, OmanDepartment of Physics—Aerospace Division, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—Barcelona Tech, 08034 Barcelona, SpainControl of buoyancy-assisted convective flow and the associated thermal behavior of nanofluids in finite-sized conduits has become a great challenge for the design of many types of thermal equipment, particularly for heat exchangers. This investigation discusses the numerical simulation of the buoyancy-driven convection (BDC) of a nanofluid (NF) in a differently heated cylindrical annular domain with an interior cylinder attached with a thin baffle. The annular region is filled with non-Darcy porous material saturated-nanofluid and both NF and the porous structure are in local thermal equilibrium (LTE). Higher thermal conditions are imposed along the interior cylinder as well as the baffle, while the exterior cylinder is maintained with lower or cold thermal conditions. The Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer model, which accounts for inertial, viscous, and non-linear drag forces was adopted to model the momentum equations. An implicit finite difference methodology by considering time-splitting methods for transient equations and relaxation-based techniques is chosen for the steady-state model equations. The impacts of various pertinent parameters, such as the Rayleigh and Darcy numbers, baffle dimensions, like length and position, on flow, thermal distributions, as well as thermal dissipation rates are systematically estimated through accurate numerical predictions. It was found that the baffle dimensions are very crucial parameters to effectively control the flow and associated thermal dissipation rates in the domain. In addition, machine learning techniques were adopted for the chosen analysis and an appropriate model developed to predict the outcome accurately among the different models considered.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/12/2027annulusbaffleporositymachine learningnumerical technique |
| spellingShingle | Pushpa Gowda Sankar Mani Ahmad Salah Sebastian A. Altmeyer Buoyant Flow and Thermal Analysis in a Nanofluid-Filled Cylindrical Porous Annulus with a Circular Baffle: A Computational and Machine Learning-Based Approach Mathematics annulus baffle porosity machine learning numerical technique |
| title | Buoyant Flow and Thermal Analysis in a Nanofluid-Filled Cylindrical Porous Annulus with a Circular Baffle: A Computational and Machine Learning-Based Approach |
| title_full | Buoyant Flow and Thermal Analysis in a Nanofluid-Filled Cylindrical Porous Annulus with a Circular Baffle: A Computational and Machine Learning-Based Approach |
| title_fullStr | Buoyant Flow and Thermal Analysis in a Nanofluid-Filled Cylindrical Porous Annulus with a Circular Baffle: A Computational and Machine Learning-Based Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Buoyant Flow and Thermal Analysis in a Nanofluid-Filled Cylindrical Porous Annulus with a Circular Baffle: A Computational and Machine Learning-Based Approach |
| title_short | Buoyant Flow and Thermal Analysis in a Nanofluid-Filled Cylindrical Porous Annulus with a Circular Baffle: A Computational and Machine Learning-Based Approach |
| title_sort | buoyant flow and thermal analysis in a nanofluid filled cylindrical porous annulus with a circular baffle a computational and machine learning based approach |
| topic | annulus baffle porosity machine learning numerical technique |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/12/2027 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pushpagowda buoyantflowandthermalanalysisinananofluidfilledcylindricalporousannuluswithacircularbaffleacomputationalandmachinelearningbasedapproach AT sankarmani buoyantflowandthermalanalysisinananofluidfilledcylindricalporousannuluswithacircularbaffleacomputationalandmachinelearningbasedapproach AT ahmadsalah buoyantflowandthermalanalysisinananofluidfilledcylindricalporousannuluswithacircularbaffleacomputationalandmachinelearningbasedapproach AT sebastianaaltmeyer buoyantflowandthermalanalysisinananofluidfilledcylindricalporousannuluswithacircularbaffleacomputationalandmachinelearningbasedapproach |