Innovative Approaches to Extracting Phenolics from <i>Echinacea purpurea</i>: Maximizing Yield and Efficacy
People have long been interested in plants rich in secondary metabolites and have tried to isolate them outside the plants. Purple coneflower is a crucial medicinal plant, known for its broad spectrum of bioactive substances. The type of solvent and the duration of maceration had an important impact...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Mateja Senica Gregor Mlinšek Denis Rusjan Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek |
| author_facet | Mateja Senica Gregor Mlinšek Denis Rusjan Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek |
| author_sort | Mateja Senica |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | People have long been interested in plants rich in secondary metabolites and have tried to isolate them outside the plants. Purple coneflower is a crucial medicinal plant, known for its broad spectrum of bioactive substances. The type of solvent and the duration of maceration had an important impact on the phenolic level of purple coneflower leaves, flowers and roots. The flowers and leaves had a significantly higher phenolic concentration than the roots. The results of this study show the importance of stabilizing and regulating the polarity of the solvent and the duration of maceration to obtain the highest yield of phenolics from purple coneflower. The greatest yield of phenolics was gained with two natural extraction solvents, 5% acetic acid and glycerol, after 3 days of maceration, yielding (1696.05 mg 100 g<sup>−1</sup> DW) and (2796.94 mg 100 g<sup>−1</sup> DW) from the flowers of purple coneflower, respectively. For purple coneflower leaves and roots, the best extraction method was 40% ethanol after 3 days of maceration, and the total content analyzed was 1022.43 mg 100 g<sup>−1</sup> DW and 1011.32 mg 100 g<sup>−1</sup> DW, respectively. Different phenolics respond significantly to different maceration factors, but the best product from the flowers of purple coneflower is glycerol extract after 9 days of maceration. From the leaves of purple coneflower, we obtained the highest phenolic yield when producing extract in glycerol, a 40% ethanol tincture, or an acetic acid product after 3 days of maceration. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e7b4443654eb458bbb8154192722ed01 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj-art-e7b4443654eb458bbb8154192722ed012025-07-11T14:40:05ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-06-011413232510.3390/foods14132325Innovative Approaches to Extracting Phenolics from <i>Echinacea purpurea</i>: Maximizing Yield and EfficacyMateja Senica0Gregor Mlinšek1Denis Rusjan2Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek3Chair for Fruit Growing, Viticulture and Vegetable Growing, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Agronomy, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaCenter for Kidney Transplantation, Department of Nephrology, University Medicinal Center Ljubljana, Zaloška 7, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaChair for Fruit Growing, Viticulture and Vegetable Growing, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Agronomy, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaChair for Fruit Growing, Viticulture and Vegetable Growing, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Agronomy, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaPeople have long been interested in plants rich in secondary metabolites and have tried to isolate them outside the plants. Purple coneflower is a crucial medicinal plant, known for its broad spectrum of bioactive substances. The type of solvent and the duration of maceration had an important impact on the phenolic level of purple coneflower leaves, flowers and roots. The flowers and leaves had a significantly higher phenolic concentration than the roots. The results of this study show the importance of stabilizing and regulating the polarity of the solvent and the duration of maceration to obtain the highest yield of phenolics from purple coneflower. The greatest yield of phenolics was gained with two natural extraction solvents, 5% acetic acid and glycerol, after 3 days of maceration, yielding (1696.05 mg 100 g<sup>−1</sup> DW) and (2796.94 mg 100 g<sup>−1</sup> DW) from the flowers of purple coneflower, respectively. For purple coneflower leaves and roots, the best extraction method was 40% ethanol after 3 days of maceration, and the total content analyzed was 1022.43 mg 100 g<sup>−1</sup> DW and 1011.32 mg 100 g<sup>−1</sup> DW, respectively. Different phenolics respond significantly to different maceration factors, but the best product from the flowers of purple coneflower is glycerol extract after 9 days of maceration. From the leaves of purple coneflower, we obtained the highest phenolic yield when producing extract in glycerol, a 40% ethanol tincture, or an acetic acid product after 3 days of maceration.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/13/2325purple coneflowerphenolic compoundsextraction efficiencysolventsfunctional ingredients |
| spellingShingle | Mateja Senica Gregor Mlinšek Denis Rusjan Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek Innovative Approaches to Extracting Phenolics from <i>Echinacea purpurea</i>: Maximizing Yield and Efficacy Foods purple coneflower phenolic compounds extraction efficiency solvents functional ingredients |
| title | Innovative Approaches to Extracting Phenolics from <i>Echinacea purpurea</i>: Maximizing Yield and Efficacy |
| title_full | Innovative Approaches to Extracting Phenolics from <i>Echinacea purpurea</i>: Maximizing Yield and Efficacy |
| title_fullStr | Innovative Approaches to Extracting Phenolics from <i>Echinacea purpurea</i>: Maximizing Yield and Efficacy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Innovative Approaches to Extracting Phenolics from <i>Echinacea purpurea</i>: Maximizing Yield and Efficacy |
| title_short | Innovative Approaches to Extracting Phenolics from <i>Echinacea purpurea</i>: Maximizing Yield and Efficacy |
| title_sort | innovative approaches to extracting phenolics from i echinacea purpurea i maximizing yield and efficacy |
| topic | purple coneflower phenolic compounds extraction efficiency solvents functional ingredients |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/13/2325 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT matejasenica innovativeapproachestoextractingphenolicsfromiechinaceapurpureaimaximizingyieldandefficacy AT gregormlinsek innovativeapproachestoextractingphenolicsfromiechinaceapurpureaimaximizingyieldandefficacy AT denisrusjan innovativeapproachestoextractingphenolicsfromiechinaceapurpureaimaximizingyieldandefficacy AT majamikulicpetkovsek innovativeapproachestoextractingphenolicsfromiechinaceapurpureaimaximizingyieldandefficacy |