Integrative Spatial Proteomics and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Unveil Molecular Complexity in Rheumatoid Arthritis for Novel Therapeutic Targeting

Integrative Spatial Proteomics and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Unveil Molecular Complexity in Rheumatoid Arthritis for Novel Therapeutic Targeting

Understanding the heterogeneity of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and identifying therapeutic targets remain challenging using traditional bulk transcriptomics alone, as it lacks the spatial and protein-level resolution needed to fully capture disease and tissue complexities. In this study, we applied La...

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Main Authors: Xue Wang, Fei Wang, Archana S. Iyer, Heather Knight, Lori J. Duggan, Yingli Yang, Liang Jin, Baoliang Cui, Yupeng He, Jan Schejbal, Lucy A. Phillips, Bohdan P. Harvey, Sílvia Sisó, Yu Tian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Proteomes
Subjects:
rheumatoid arthritis
laser capture microdissection
untargeted proteomics
mass spectrometry
multi-omics integration
scRNA-seq
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7382/13/2/17
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Summary:Understanding the heterogeneity of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and identifying therapeutic targets remain challenging using traditional bulk transcriptomics alone, as it lacks the spatial and protein-level resolution needed to fully capture disease and tissue complexities. In this study, we applied Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) coupled with mass spectrometry-based proteomics to analyze histopathological niches of the RA synovium, enabling the identification of protein expression profiles of the diseased synovial lining and sublining microenvironments compared to their healthy counterparts. In this respect, key pathogenetic RA proteins like membrane proteins (TYROBP, AOC3, SLC16A3, TCIRG1, and NCEH1), and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (PLOD2, OGN, and LUM) showed different expression patterns in diseased synovium compartments. To enhance our understanding of cellular dynamics within the dissected regions, we further integrated the proteomic dataset with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and deduced cell type enrichment, including T cells, fibroblasts, NK cells, myeloid cells, B cells, and synovial endothelial cells. By combining high-resolution spatial proteomics and transcriptomic analyses, we provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms driving RA, and highlight potential protein targets for therapeutic intervention. This integrative approach offers a more comprehensive view of RA synovial pathology, and mitigates the limitations of traditional bulk transcriptomics in target discovery.
ISSN:2227-7382

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