The Synergistic Impact of Combined Massage and Stretching During Halftime on Accelerated Recovery in Football: A Quasi-Experimental Study on Lactic Acid Clearance, Pain Reduction, and Flexibility Improvement
Background. Soccer players frequently encounter performance declines early in the second half due to diminished muscle temperature and the accumulation of fatigue indicators, such as lactic acid. Objectives. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of massage, stretching, and their combination in...
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2025-07-01
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| Series: | Physical Education Theory and Methodology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/3258 |
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| author | Fatkur Rohman Kafrawi Afif Rusdiawan Ali Satia Graha Nurhasan Nurhasan Soni Sulistyarto Cemal Özman Achmad Widodo |
| author_facet | Fatkur Rohman Kafrawi Afif Rusdiawan Ali Satia Graha Nurhasan Nurhasan Soni Sulistyarto Cemal Özman Achmad Widodo |
| author_sort | Fatkur Rohman Kafrawi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Background. Soccer players frequently encounter performance declines early in the second half due to diminished muscle temperature and the accumulation of fatigue indicators, such as lactic acid.
Objectives. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of massage, stretching, and their combination in facilitating physical recovery during a halftime break in a match. It focused on how quickly lactic acid leaves the body, how much it reduces discomfort from exercise, and how it improves flexibility.
Materials and methods. This study employed a quasi-experimental design, involving 36 male soccer players from UNESA FC. These players were divided into four groups: sports massage (SM), muscle stretching (MS), combination (CMS), and control (CON). The participants engaged in maximum treadmill running (90–95% HRmax) followed by designated recovery procedures: SM, MS, CMS, and CON. Before, during, and after the intervention, lactic acid levels (measured with a lactate meter), range of motion (measured with a goniometer), and pain levels (measured with a visual analogue scale) were all checked. Subsequently, these measures underwent statistical analysis comprising paired t-tests, Wilcoxon tests, MANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Results. This study revealed that the CMS group had the most substantial decrease in lactic acid (12.68 ± 2.37 to 5.16 ± 1.04 mmol/L, p = 0.000), outperforming the SM, MS, and CON groups (p < 0.005). Furthermore, pain reduction scores were also found significant in the CMS (3.44 ± 2.35 to 1.67 ± 1.58) and MS (4.67 ± 1.11 to 1.33 ± 1.00) groups (p < 0.05). Similarly, flexibility improvement was superior in CMS (right ROM: p = 0.007; left ROM: p = 0.003), while CON showed no marked changes. The MANOVA test revealed significant intergroup differences in post-intervention outcomes (p < 0.05).
Conclusions. The findings of this study indicate that the combination of stretching and massage during halftime of a football match helps maximise healing by lowering lactic acid, relieving discomfort, and improving flexibility or range of motion. This approach lowers second-half performance drops and injury risks.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e37826ffcb8045b2a3592c4af60b8b46 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 1993-7989 1993-7997 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | OVS LLC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physical Education Theory and Methodology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e37826ffcb8045b2a3592c4af60b8b462025-07-30T17:13:01ZengOVS LLCPhysical Education Theory and Methodology1993-79891993-79972025-07-0125410.17309/tmfv.2025.4.02The Synergistic Impact of Combined Massage and Stretching During Halftime on Accelerated Recovery in Football: A Quasi-Experimental Study on Lactic Acid Clearance, Pain Reduction, and Flexibility ImprovementFatkur Rohman Kafrawi0Afif Rusdiawan1Ali Satia Graha2Nurhasan Nurhasan3Soni Sulistyarto4Cemal Özman5Achmad Widodo6Universitas Negeri SurabayaUniversitas Negeri SurabayaUniversitas Negeri YogyakartaUniversitas Negeri SurabayaUniversitas Negeri SurabayaBartin UniversityUniversitas Negeri Surabaya Background. Soccer players frequently encounter performance declines early in the second half due to diminished muscle temperature and the accumulation of fatigue indicators, such as lactic acid. Objectives. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of massage, stretching, and their combination in facilitating physical recovery during a halftime break in a match. It focused on how quickly lactic acid leaves the body, how much it reduces discomfort from exercise, and how it improves flexibility. Materials and methods. This study employed a quasi-experimental design, involving 36 male soccer players from UNESA FC. These players were divided into four groups: sports massage (SM), muscle stretching (MS), combination (CMS), and control (CON). The participants engaged in maximum treadmill running (90–95% HRmax) followed by designated recovery procedures: SM, MS, CMS, and CON. Before, during, and after the intervention, lactic acid levels (measured with a lactate meter), range of motion (measured with a goniometer), and pain levels (measured with a visual analogue scale) were all checked. Subsequently, these measures underwent statistical analysis comprising paired t-tests, Wilcoxon tests, MANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results. This study revealed that the CMS group had the most substantial decrease in lactic acid (12.68 ± 2.37 to 5.16 ± 1.04 mmol/L, p = 0.000), outperforming the SM, MS, and CON groups (p < 0.005). Furthermore, pain reduction scores were also found significant in the CMS (3.44 ± 2.35 to 1.67 ± 1.58) and MS (4.67 ± 1.11 to 1.33 ± 1.00) groups (p < 0.05). Similarly, flexibility improvement was superior in CMS (right ROM: p = 0.007; left ROM: p = 0.003), while CON showed no marked changes. The MANOVA test revealed significant intergroup differences in post-intervention outcomes (p < 0.05). Conclusions. The findings of this study indicate that the combination of stretching and massage during halftime of a football match helps maximise healing by lowering lactic acid, relieving discomfort, and improving flexibility or range of motion. This approach lowers second-half performance drops and injury risks. https://www.tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/3258footballmassagestretchingrecovery |
| spellingShingle | Fatkur Rohman Kafrawi Afif Rusdiawan Ali Satia Graha Nurhasan Nurhasan Soni Sulistyarto Cemal Özman Achmad Widodo The Synergistic Impact of Combined Massage and Stretching During Halftime on Accelerated Recovery in Football: A Quasi-Experimental Study on Lactic Acid Clearance, Pain Reduction, and Flexibility Improvement Physical Education Theory and Methodology football massage stretching recovery |
| title | The Synergistic Impact of Combined Massage and Stretching During Halftime on Accelerated Recovery in Football: A Quasi-Experimental Study on Lactic Acid Clearance, Pain Reduction, and Flexibility Improvement |
| title_full | The Synergistic Impact of Combined Massage and Stretching During Halftime on Accelerated Recovery in Football: A Quasi-Experimental Study on Lactic Acid Clearance, Pain Reduction, and Flexibility Improvement |
| title_fullStr | The Synergistic Impact of Combined Massage and Stretching During Halftime on Accelerated Recovery in Football: A Quasi-Experimental Study on Lactic Acid Clearance, Pain Reduction, and Flexibility Improvement |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Synergistic Impact of Combined Massage and Stretching During Halftime on Accelerated Recovery in Football: A Quasi-Experimental Study on Lactic Acid Clearance, Pain Reduction, and Flexibility Improvement |
| title_short | The Synergistic Impact of Combined Massage and Stretching During Halftime on Accelerated Recovery in Football: A Quasi-Experimental Study on Lactic Acid Clearance, Pain Reduction, and Flexibility Improvement |
| title_sort | synergistic impact of combined massage and stretching during halftime on accelerated recovery in football a quasi experimental study on lactic acid clearance pain reduction and flexibility improvement |
| topic | football massage stretching recovery |
| url | https://www.tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/3258 |
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