Linalool and linalyl acetate attenuated canonical pathway of NF-κB signaling in HepG2 cells
Background and Aims Lavender oil is often used in aromatherapy due to its anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential. The anti-inflammatory effect through NF-κB signaling has not been well characterized. In this study, we investigated these effects using the HepG2 liver cell line. Methods Two major com...
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/26895293.2025.2527624 |
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| author | Cheng-Hao Wu Su-Mei Tai Yi-Chin Yang Yi-Wun Hung Lan-Ru Huang Po-Han Chen Yen-Chun Peng |
| author_facet | Cheng-Hao Wu Su-Mei Tai Yi-Chin Yang Yi-Wun Hung Lan-Ru Huang Po-Han Chen Yen-Chun Peng |
| author_sort | Cheng-Hao Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Aims Lavender oil is often used in aromatherapy due to its anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential. The anti-inflammatory effect through NF-κB signaling has not been well characterized. In this study, we investigated these effects using the HepG2 liver cell line. Methods Two major components of lavender oil, Linalool and Linalyl acetate (LA), were used in HepG2 cell line. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce inflammation. NF-κB signaling was examined using Western blotting and confocal microscopy, while interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression was analyzed by quantitative PCR. Results LPS up-regulated NF-κB expression by P65 phosphorylation, and IκBα phosphorylation, but could not be induced by Linalool or LA. Linalool and LA both down-regulated P65, IκBα phosphorylation, and IL-6 expression in HepG2 cells. The down-regulation effect of Linalool and LA on LPS-induced P65, and IκBα phosphorylation was demonstrated by confocal microscopy and electrophoretic mobility-shift assays. Conclusions Linalool and LA significantly down regulated NF-κB signaling in HepG2 cells. They effectively inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation by suppressing p65 expression and preventing IκBα degradation, demonstrating potent anti-inflammatory effects via the canonical pathway. Further investigation remains warranted to explore the broader anti-inflammatory potential of lavender oil in vivo and in humans. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-df50c706ef394b6fb19aa3dbca1b6ada |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2689-5307 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
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| series | All Life |
| spelling | doaj-art-df50c706ef394b6fb19aa3dbca1b6ada2025-07-16T14:34:09ZengTaylor & Francis GroupAll Life2689-53072025-12-0118110.1080/26895293.2025.25276242527624Linalool and linalyl acetate attenuated canonical pathway of NF-κB signaling in HepG2 cellsCheng-Hao Wu0Su-Mei Tai1Yi-Chin Yang2Yi-Wun Hung3Lan-Ru Huang4Po-Han Chen5Yen-Chun Peng6Taichung Veterans General HospitalTaichung Veterans General Hospital Chiayi branchTaichung Veterans General HospitalChina Medical University HospitalCentral Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyTaichung Veterans General Hospital Chiayi branchTaichung Veterans General HospitalBackground and Aims Lavender oil is often used in aromatherapy due to its anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential. The anti-inflammatory effect through NF-κB signaling has not been well characterized. In this study, we investigated these effects using the HepG2 liver cell line. Methods Two major components of lavender oil, Linalool and Linalyl acetate (LA), were used in HepG2 cell line. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce inflammation. NF-κB signaling was examined using Western blotting and confocal microscopy, while interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression was analyzed by quantitative PCR. Results LPS up-regulated NF-κB expression by P65 phosphorylation, and IκBα phosphorylation, but could not be induced by Linalool or LA. Linalool and LA both down-regulated P65, IκBα phosphorylation, and IL-6 expression in HepG2 cells. The down-regulation effect of Linalool and LA on LPS-induced P65, and IκBα phosphorylation was demonstrated by confocal microscopy and electrophoretic mobility-shift assays. Conclusions Linalool and LA significantly down regulated NF-κB signaling in HepG2 cells. They effectively inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation by suppressing p65 expression and preventing IκBα degradation, demonstrating potent anti-inflammatory effects via the canonical pathway. Further investigation remains warranted to explore the broader anti-inflammatory potential of lavender oil in vivo and in humans.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/26895293.2025.2527624lavender oillinaloollinalylnf-κb signalingil-6 |
| spellingShingle | Cheng-Hao Wu Su-Mei Tai Yi-Chin Yang Yi-Wun Hung Lan-Ru Huang Po-Han Chen Yen-Chun Peng Linalool and linalyl acetate attenuated canonical pathway of NF-κB signaling in HepG2 cells All Life lavender oil linalool linalyl nf-κb signaling il-6 |
| title | Linalool and linalyl acetate attenuated canonical pathway of NF-κB signaling in HepG2 cells |
| title_full | Linalool and linalyl acetate attenuated canonical pathway of NF-κB signaling in HepG2 cells |
| title_fullStr | Linalool and linalyl acetate attenuated canonical pathway of NF-κB signaling in HepG2 cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Linalool and linalyl acetate attenuated canonical pathway of NF-κB signaling in HepG2 cells |
| title_short | Linalool and linalyl acetate attenuated canonical pathway of NF-κB signaling in HepG2 cells |
| title_sort | linalool and linalyl acetate attenuated canonical pathway of nf κb signaling in hepg2 cells |
| topic | lavender oil linalool linalyl nf-κb signaling il-6 |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/26895293.2025.2527624 |
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