Prevalence of HPV, cytological abnormalities, and impact of the HPV vaccine in Mexico: a Nationwide Study of 596,944 womenResearch in context
Summary: Background: Cervical cancer (CC) remains a significant public health challenge worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women in Mexico. Although CC is highly preventable, effective implementation of screening programs to detect women with precancerous lesions i...
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Elsevier
2025-08-01
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| Series: | The Lancet Regional Health. Americas |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X25001668 |
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| author | Abraham García-Gil Marco Antonio Luna-Ruiz-Esparza José Luis Moreno-Camacho Diana Yadira Calva-Espinosa Ludwing Erick González-Mena Luis Fernando Hernández-Lezama Pablo Kuri-Morales Juan Carlos Balcázar-Rodríguez Abraham Campos-Romero Jonathan Alcántar-Fernández |
| author_facet | Abraham García-Gil Marco Antonio Luna-Ruiz-Esparza José Luis Moreno-Camacho Diana Yadira Calva-Espinosa Ludwing Erick González-Mena Luis Fernando Hernández-Lezama Pablo Kuri-Morales Juan Carlos Balcázar-Rodríguez Abraham Campos-Romero Jonathan Alcántar-Fernández |
| author_sort | Abraham García-Gil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Summary: Background: Cervical cancer (CC) remains a significant public health challenge worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women in Mexico. Although CC is highly preventable, effective implementation of screening programs to detect women with precancerous lesions is crucial to reduce its burden. This study evaluated HPV infection, its correlation with cytological abnormalities, and the impact of HPV vaccination in 596,944 women from all 32 states of Mexico. Methods: Samples were processed using a fully automated molecular biology laboratory setup (Roche Cobas prime - Cobas 6800), and cytotechnologists assessed cytological outcomes. Findings: The highest prevalence of HPV infection was observed among women under the age of 25, with 23,615 individuals (37.4%) testing positive. This was primarily attributable to infections with the pooled high-risk HPV genotypes included in the assay (HPV31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68), which accounted for 22,792 cases (36.1%). In contrast, HPV16 and HPV18 were most prevalent among women aged 25–34 years, with 7251 (5.21%) and 3281 (2.36%) infections, respectively. Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) was the most frequently detected cytological abnormality, identified in 15,411 cases (2.6%), and was predominantly associated with the pooled HPV genotypes (73.7%). A two-dose HPV vaccination regimen conferred strong protection against HPV16 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.21) and HPV18 (OR = 0.33), but did not significantly reduce the prevalence of infection with the pooled HPV genotypes (OR = 0.98). Interpretation: The notable carcinogenic potential of the HPV POOL underscores the need for broader vaccine formulations. Adopting a nonavalent vaccine in future campaigns, expanding screening coverage, and reinforcing sexual education for younger women are key measures to help policymakers mitigate the impact of CC in Mexico. Funding: This work was funded by Salud Digna. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-df37e08431b54a1a9fab89f08cc739c6 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2667-193X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Lancet Regional Health. Americas |
| spelling | doaj-art-df37e08431b54a1a9fab89f08cc739c62025-06-28T05:31:30ZengElsevierThe Lancet Regional Health. Americas2667-193X2025-08-0148101156Prevalence of HPV, cytological abnormalities, and impact of the HPV vaccine in Mexico: a Nationwide Study of 596,944 womenResearch in contextAbraham García-Gil0Marco Antonio Luna-Ruiz-Esparza1José Luis Moreno-Camacho2Diana Yadira Calva-Espinosa3Ludwing Erick González-Mena4Luis Fernando Hernández-Lezama5Pablo Kuri-Morales6Juan Carlos Balcázar-Rodríguez7Abraham Campos-Romero8Jonathan Alcántar-Fernández9Innovation and Research Department, Salud Digna, Culiacan, Sinaloa, 80000, MexicoInnovation and Research Department, Salud Digna, Culiacan, Sinaloa, 80000, MexicoClinical Laboratory Department, Salud Digna, Culiacan, Sinaloa, 80000, MexicoClinical Laboratory Department, Salud Digna, Culiacan, Sinaloa, 80000, MexicoNational Reference Center II, Salud Digna, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de Mexico, 54075, MexicoFaculty of Law, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, 04510, MexicoInstituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, 64700, MexicoServicio de Colposcopia y Patología del Tracto Inferior del Hospital ISSSTE Dr. Manuel Cardenas de la Vega, Culiacan, Sinaloa, 8000, MexicoInnovation and Research Department, Salud Digna, Culiacan, Sinaloa, 80000, MexicoInnovation and Research Department, Salud Digna, Culiacan, Sinaloa, 80000, Mexico; Corresponding author.Summary: Background: Cervical cancer (CC) remains a significant public health challenge worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women in Mexico. Although CC is highly preventable, effective implementation of screening programs to detect women with precancerous lesions is crucial to reduce its burden. This study evaluated HPV infection, its correlation with cytological abnormalities, and the impact of HPV vaccination in 596,944 women from all 32 states of Mexico. Methods: Samples were processed using a fully automated molecular biology laboratory setup (Roche Cobas prime - Cobas 6800), and cytotechnologists assessed cytological outcomes. Findings: The highest prevalence of HPV infection was observed among women under the age of 25, with 23,615 individuals (37.4%) testing positive. This was primarily attributable to infections with the pooled high-risk HPV genotypes included in the assay (HPV31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68), which accounted for 22,792 cases (36.1%). In contrast, HPV16 and HPV18 were most prevalent among women aged 25–34 years, with 7251 (5.21%) and 3281 (2.36%) infections, respectively. Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) was the most frequently detected cytological abnormality, identified in 15,411 cases (2.6%), and was predominantly associated with the pooled HPV genotypes (73.7%). A two-dose HPV vaccination regimen conferred strong protection against HPV16 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.21) and HPV18 (OR = 0.33), but did not significantly reduce the prevalence of infection with the pooled HPV genotypes (OR = 0.98). Interpretation: The notable carcinogenic potential of the HPV POOL underscores the need for broader vaccine formulations. Adopting a nonavalent vaccine in future campaigns, expanding screening coverage, and reinforcing sexual education for younger women are key measures to help policymakers mitigate the impact of CC in Mexico. Funding: This work was funded by Salud Digna.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X25001668HPVHPV vaccinationCervical cancerCytological abnormalities |
| spellingShingle | Abraham García-Gil Marco Antonio Luna-Ruiz-Esparza José Luis Moreno-Camacho Diana Yadira Calva-Espinosa Ludwing Erick González-Mena Luis Fernando Hernández-Lezama Pablo Kuri-Morales Juan Carlos Balcázar-Rodríguez Abraham Campos-Romero Jonathan Alcántar-Fernández Prevalence of HPV, cytological abnormalities, and impact of the HPV vaccine in Mexico: a Nationwide Study of 596,944 womenResearch in context The Lancet Regional Health. Americas HPV HPV vaccination Cervical cancer Cytological abnormalities |
| title | Prevalence of HPV, cytological abnormalities, and impact of the HPV vaccine in Mexico: a Nationwide Study of 596,944 womenResearch in context |
| title_full | Prevalence of HPV, cytological abnormalities, and impact of the HPV vaccine in Mexico: a Nationwide Study of 596,944 womenResearch in context |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of HPV, cytological abnormalities, and impact of the HPV vaccine in Mexico: a Nationwide Study of 596,944 womenResearch in context |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of HPV, cytological abnormalities, and impact of the HPV vaccine in Mexico: a Nationwide Study of 596,944 womenResearch in context |
| title_short | Prevalence of HPV, cytological abnormalities, and impact of the HPV vaccine in Mexico: a Nationwide Study of 596,944 womenResearch in context |
| title_sort | prevalence of hpv cytological abnormalities and impact of the hpv vaccine in mexico a nationwide study of 596 944 womenresearch in context |
| topic | HPV HPV vaccination Cervical cancer Cytological abnormalities |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X25001668 |
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