Trade-offs? Unveiling the interrelationships between urban ecosystem services and public services in heterogeneous landscapes

Urban ecosystem services (UESs) and urban public services (UPSs) play pivotal roles in advancing urban sustainability. However, the intricate interrelationships between UESs and UPSs within urban contexts remain underexplored. This study addressed this gap by first investigating the spatiotemporal d...

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Main Authors: Qian Cao, Jian-Jin Liang, Xue-Ning Fang, Jian-Min Qiao, Jing Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Ecological Indicators
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X25007769
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author Qian Cao
Jian-Jin Liang
Xue-Ning Fang
Jian-Min Qiao
Jing Wu
author_facet Qian Cao
Jian-Jin Liang
Xue-Ning Fang
Jian-Min Qiao
Jing Wu
author_sort Qian Cao
collection DOAJ
description Urban ecosystem services (UESs) and urban public services (UPSs) play pivotal roles in advancing urban sustainability. However, the intricate interrelationships between UESs and UPSs within urban contexts remain underexplored. This study addressed this gap by first investigating the spatiotemporal dynamics of UESs driven by urban landscape transformations and subsequently exploring the complex interrelationships between UESs and UPSs in a dynamic urban center characterized by heterogeneous landscapes. From 2013 to 2019, urban landscape transformations led to significant spatial alterations to the UESs. However, the regional mean UESs showed minimal changes owing to a slight increase in urban tees. Strong synergies were found between the UESs, but the strength of the correlation varied across different service pairs. Through the co-occurrence analysis, four UESs bundles were identified, each corresponding to particular land cover types with distinct UESs provision levels. The bivariate spatial correlation analysis revealed distinct patterns in the relationships between the UESs and UPSs. A high-high cluster was identified within and adjacent to a national park. The high-low clusters were primarily found in residential zones while the low–high clusters appeared in commercial streets. The UESs supply demonstrated a nonlinear relationship with the UPSs provision, characterized by an initial decline followed by a subsequent increase as the availability of UPSs increased. This demonstrated the possibility of achieving synergies between UESs and UPSs during the advanced phases of urbanization. The research findings offer practical implications for urban ecosystem management and planning to enhance UESs provision and foster synergetic interactions between UESs and UPSs.
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spelling doaj-art-db616b56318c47dc9f28f43e1b1242c02025-07-11T04:31:01ZengElsevierEcological Indicators1470-160X2025-09-01178113846Trade-offs? Unveiling the interrelationships between urban ecosystem services and public services in heterogeneous landscapesQian Cao0Jian-Jin Liang1Xue-Ning Fang2Jian-Min Qiao3Jing Wu4Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaSchool of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, ChinaCollege of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaSchool of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Corresponding author.Urban ecosystem services (UESs) and urban public services (UPSs) play pivotal roles in advancing urban sustainability. However, the intricate interrelationships between UESs and UPSs within urban contexts remain underexplored. This study addressed this gap by first investigating the spatiotemporal dynamics of UESs driven by urban landscape transformations and subsequently exploring the complex interrelationships between UESs and UPSs in a dynamic urban center characterized by heterogeneous landscapes. From 2013 to 2019, urban landscape transformations led to significant spatial alterations to the UESs. However, the regional mean UESs showed minimal changes owing to a slight increase in urban tees. Strong synergies were found between the UESs, but the strength of the correlation varied across different service pairs. Through the co-occurrence analysis, four UESs bundles were identified, each corresponding to particular land cover types with distinct UESs provision levels. The bivariate spatial correlation analysis revealed distinct patterns in the relationships between the UESs and UPSs. A high-high cluster was identified within and adjacent to a national park. The high-low clusters were primarily found in residential zones while the low–high clusters appeared in commercial streets. The UESs supply demonstrated a nonlinear relationship with the UPSs provision, characterized by an initial decline followed by a subsequent increase as the availability of UPSs increased. This demonstrated the possibility of achieving synergies between UESs and UPSs during the advanced phases of urbanization. The research findings offer practical implications for urban ecosystem management and planning to enhance UESs provision and foster synergetic interactions between UESs and UPSs.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X25007769Urban landscapesEcosystem servicesPublic servicesBlue/green spacesSynergetic relationshipsUrban InVEST
spellingShingle Qian Cao
Jian-Jin Liang
Xue-Ning Fang
Jian-Min Qiao
Jing Wu
Trade-offs? Unveiling the interrelationships between urban ecosystem services and public services in heterogeneous landscapes
Ecological Indicators
Urban landscapes
Ecosystem services
Public services
Blue/green spaces
Synergetic relationships
Urban InVEST
title Trade-offs? Unveiling the interrelationships between urban ecosystem services and public services in heterogeneous landscapes
title_full Trade-offs? Unveiling the interrelationships between urban ecosystem services and public services in heterogeneous landscapes
title_fullStr Trade-offs? Unveiling the interrelationships between urban ecosystem services and public services in heterogeneous landscapes
title_full_unstemmed Trade-offs? Unveiling the interrelationships between urban ecosystem services and public services in heterogeneous landscapes
title_short Trade-offs? Unveiling the interrelationships between urban ecosystem services and public services in heterogeneous landscapes
title_sort trade offs unveiling the interrelationships between urban ecosystem services and public services in heterogeneous landscapes
topic Urban landscapes
Ecosystem services
Public services
Blue/green spaces
Synergetic relationships
Urban InVEST
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X25007769
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