Investigation of the Effects of Different Polishing Methods on Tooth Surfaces in Smokers: An In Vitro Study

Introduction. This in vitro study aimed to compare the enamel and root surfaces of teeth between smokers and non-smokers after scaling with hand instruments and to evaluate surface characteristics of smokers’ teeth after applying different polishing methods. Methods. This study analyzed periodont...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ezgi Gurbuz, Mehmet Meric Ersoz, Feridun Karakoc, Hasan Hatipoglu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University 2025-07-01
Series:Galician Medical Journal
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Online Access:https://ifnmujournal.com/gmj/article/view/2137
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