A Comprehensive Review of the Pathophysiology of Neonatal Stroke and a Critique of Current and Future Therapeutic Strategies
Within the first 28 days after birth, more than 1 in every 2500 newborns will suffer a stroke. The weekly-adjusted risk of stroke for a term-born infant is threefold higher than for a male smoker aged 50 to 59 years with hypertension and diabetes. Neonatal stroke has significant clinical and socio-e...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Victor Mondal Emily Ross-Munro Gayathri K. Balasuriya Ritu Kumari Md. Munnaf Hossen Mohammed Ageeli Kate Firipis David R. Nisbet Glenn F. King Richard J. Williams Pierre Gressens Jeanie L. Y. Cheong Flora Y. Wong David W. Walker Mary Tolcos Bobbi Fleiss |
| author_facet | Victor Mondal Emily Ross-Munro Gayathri K. Balasuriya Ritu Kumari Md. Munnaf Hossen Mohammed Ageeli Kate Firipis David R. Nisbet Glenn F. King Richard J. Williams Pierre Gressens Jeanie L. Y. Cheong Flora Y. Wong David W. Walker Mary Tolcos Bobbi Fleiss |
| author_sort | Victor Mondal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Within the first 28 days after birth, more than 1 in every 2500 newborns will suffer a stroke. The weekly-adjusted risk of stroke for a term-born infant is threefold higher than for a male smoker aged 50 to 59 years with hypertension and diabetes. Neonatal stroke has significant clinical and socio-economic consequences, leading to cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and a range of motor, sensory, and cognitive impairments. Currently, there is no treatment for the brain damage caused by neonatal stroke. In this review, we outline the differences in the complex interplay of inflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and cell death after stroke between adults and neonates, which limits the direct transfer of knowledge between studies for understanding injury. We comprehensively document what is known about the pathophysiology of neonatal stroke and critically evaluate current therapeutic strategies, emphasising the urgent need for innovative treatments tailored to suit the neonatal brain. This analysis reveals that treatment with an injectable hydrogel scaffold, a three-dimensional, water-swollen polymer network, may be an innovative, viable approach to improve outcomes for infants suffering from the most severe forms of brain injury arising from neonatal stroke. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d6f8a3e20e554f11a5f5b096bac3b263 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj-art-d6f8a3e20e554f11a5f5b096bac3b2632025-06-25T13:36:39ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092025-06-01141291010.3390/cells14120910A Comprehensive Review of the Pathophysiology of Neonatal Stroke and a Critique of Current and Future Therapeutic StrategiesVictor Mondal0Emily Ross-Munro1Gayathri K. Balasuriya2Ritu Kumari3Md. Munnaf Hossen4Mohammed Ageeli5Kate Firipis6David R. Nisbet7Glenn F. King8Richard J. Williams9Pierre Gressens10Jeanie L. Y. Cheong11Flora Y. Wong12David W. Walker13Mary Tolcos14Bobbi Fleiss15School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, AustraliaSchool of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, AustraliaSchool of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, AustraliaSchool of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, AustraliaSchool of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, AustraliaSchool of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, AustraliaO’Brien Department, St Vincent’s Institute for Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, AustraliaAikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent’s Hospital, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, AustraliaInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, AustraliaSchool of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, AustraliaUniversité Paris Cité, Inserm, NeuroDiderot, 75019 Paris, FranceClinical Sciences, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, AustraliaMonash Newborn, Monash Children’s Hospital, Clayton, VIC 3168, AustraliaSchool of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, AustraliaSchool of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, AustraliaSchool of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, AustraliaWithin the first 28 days after birth, more than 1 in every 2500 newborns will suffer a stroke. The weekly-adjusted risk of stroke for a term-born infant is threefold higher than for a male smoker aged 50 to 59 years with hypertension and diabetes. Neonatal stroke has significant clinical and socio-economic consequences, leading to cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and a range of motor, sensory, and cognitive impairments. Currently, there is no treatment for the brain damage caused by neonatal stroke. In this review, we outline the differences in the complex interplay of inflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and cell death after stroke between adults and neonates, which limits the direct transfer of knowledge between studies for understanding injury. We comprehensively document what is known about the pathophysiology of neonatal stroke and critically evaluate current therapeutic strategies, emphasising the urgent need for innovative treatments tailored to suit the neonatal brain. This analysis reveals that treatment with an injectable hydrogel scaffold, a three-dimensional, water-swollen polymer network, may be an innovative, viable approach to improve outcomes for infants suffering from the most severe forms of brain injury arising from neonatal stroke.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/12/910regenerationperinatal brain injurybiomedical engineeringhydrogelcerebral palsy |
| spellingShingle | Victor Mondal Emily Ross-Munro Gayathri K. Balasuriya Ritu Kumari Md. Munnaf Hossen Mohammed Ageeli Kate Firipis David R. Nisbet Glenn F. King Richard J. Williams Pierre Gressens Jeanie L. Y. Cheong Flora Y. Wong David W. Walker Mary Tolcos Bobbi Fleiss A Comprehensive Review of the Pathophysiology of Neonatal Stroke and a Critique of Current and Future Therapeutic Strategies Cells regeneration perinatal brain injury biomedical engineering hydrogel cerebral palsy |
| title | A Comprehensive Review of the Pathophysiology of Neonatal Stroke and a Critique of Current and Future Therapeutic Strategies |
| title_full | A Comprehensive Review of the Pathophysiology of Neonatal Stroke and a Critique of Current and Future Therapeutic Strategies |
| title_fullStr | A Comprehensive Review of the Pathophysiology of Neonatal Stroke and a Critique of Current and Future Therapeutic Strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comprehensive Review of the Pathophysiology of Neonatal Stroke and a Critique of Current and Future Therapeutic Strategies |
| title_short | A Comprehensive Review of the Pathophysiology of Neonatal Stroke and a Critique of Current and Future Therapeutic Strategies |
| title_sort | comprehensive review of the pathophysiology of neonatal stroke and a critique of current and future therapeutic strategies |
| topic | regeneration perinatal brain injury biomedical engineering hydrogel cerebral palsy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/12/910 |
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