Transmission of Heavy Metals in River Water and Self-Purification Capacity of Ile River

The continuing anthropogenic pollution of the Ile River occurs both by transboundary runoff and as a result of discharges of industrial, agricultural, and domestic wastewater on the territory of Kazakhstan. With this amount of pollution, the river’s capacity for self-purification is very limited, an...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ainur Mussakulkyzy, Christian Opp, Nariman Amirgaliev, Azamat Madibekov, Laura Ismukhanova, Askhat Zhadi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Applied Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6548
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