The role of tension-compression stress on TRIP and TWIP effects in a 201LN austenitic stainless steel
Austenitic stainless steel (ASS) alloys with low nickel and high manganese content exhibit low stacking fault energy (SFE), resulting in the metastability of the austenitic matrix, as well as Twinning-Induced Plasticity (TWIP) and Transformation-Induced Plasticity (TRIP) effects. Understanding the d...
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2025-09-01
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| author | Diogo Pedrino Braga Danielle Cristina Camilo Magalhães José Benaque Rubert Hossein Beladi Carlos Alberto Della Rovere Andrea Madeira Kliauga |
| author_facet | Diogo Pedrino Braga Danielle Cristina Camilo Magalhães José Benaque Rubert Hossein Beladi Carlos Alberto Della Rovere Andrea Madeira Kliauga |
| author_sort | Diogo Pedrino Braga |
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| description | Austenitic stainless steel (ASS) alloys with low nickel and high manganese content exhibit low stacking fault energy (SFE), resulting in the metastability of the austenitic matrix, as well as Twinning-Induced Plasticity (TWIP) and Transformation-Induced Plasticity (TRIP) effects. Understanding the different behavior of these materials in distinct loads is crucial in guiding forming processes. In this work, through a comparison of experimental data from tensile and compression tests, hardness tests, Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) analyses, the influence of crystallographic orientation and friction on the anisotropy of an AISI 201LN ASS was evaluated. According to Schmid factor analyses, a slightly greater tendency for twinning is expected under compression, although, due to strain heterogeneity induced by friction, great discrepancies are observed between the measured values of transformed martensite from XRD and EBSD. The values obtained from XRD were lower under compression than under tension, whereas the EBSD measurements taken at the center of the specimens showed the opposite trend. FEM simulation results and hardness measurements indicated that distribution of stress and strain varied along the compression axis and at a stress triaxiality of -0.33 (axial compression), the strain-transformed martensite relationship is very similar to the one occurring at 0.33 (axial tension). In the estimated phase transformation map, the average transformed martensite fraction was consistent with the results obtained from X-ray measurements. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Results in Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-d0fdb8b59e3b4fcdadf2277313a9d0c22025-07-09T04:32:47ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302025-09-0127106070The role of tension-compression stress on TRIP and TWIP effects in a 201LN austenitic stainless steelDiogo Pedrino Braga0Danielle Cristina Camilo Magalhães1José Benaque Rubert2Hossein Beladi3Carlos Alberto Della Rovere4Andrea Madeira Kliauga5Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Corresponding author.Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilInstitute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, AustraliaGraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilAustenitic stainless steel (ASS) alloys with low nickel and high manganese content exhibit low stacking fault energy (SFE), resulting in the metastability of the austenitic matrix, as well as Twinning-Induced Plasticity (TWIP) and Transformation-Induced Plasticity (TRIP) effects. Understanding the different behavior of these materials in distinct loads is crucial in guiding forming processes. In this work, through a comparison of experimental data from tensile and compression tests, hardness tests, Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) analyses, the influence of crystallographic orientation and friction on the anisotropy of an AISI 201LN ASS was evaluated. According to Schmid factor analyses, a slightly greater tendency for twinning is expected under compression, although, due to strain heterogeneity induced by friction, great discrepancies are observed between the measured values of transformed martensite from XRD and EBSD. The values obtained from XRD were lower under compression than under tension, whereas the EBSD measurements taken at the center of the specimens showed the opposite trend. FEM simulation results and hardness measurements indicated that distribution of stress and strain varied along the compression axis and at a stress triaxiality of -0.33 (axial compression), the strain-transformed martensite relationship is very similar to the one occurring at 0.33 (axial tension). In the estimated phase transformation map, the average transformed martensite fraction was consistent with the results obtained from X-ray measurements.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025021425Austenitic stainless steelTRIPTWIPCompression testX-RayEBSD |
| spellingShingle | Diogo Pedrino Braga Danielle Cristina Camilo Magalhães José Benaque Rubert Hossein Beladi Carlos Alberto Della Rovere Andrea Madeira Kliauga The role of tension-compression stress on TRIP and TWIP effects in a 201LN austenitic stainless steel Results in Engineering Austenitic stainless steel TRIP TWIP Compression test X-Ray EBSD |
| title | The role of tension-compression stress on TRIP and TWIP effects in a 201LN austenitic stainless steel |
| title_full | The role of tension-compression stress on TRIP and TWIP effects in a 201LN austenitic stainless steel |
| title_fullStr | The role of tension-compression stress on TRIP and TWIP effects in a 201LN austenitic stainless steel |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of tension-compression stress on TRIP and TWIP effects in a 201LN austenitic stainless steel |
| title_short | The role of tension-compression stress on TRIP and TWIP effects in a 201LN austenitic stainless steel |
| title_sort | role of tension compression stress on trip and twip effects in a 201ln austenitic stainless steel |
| topic | Austenitic stainless steel TRIP TWIP Compression test X-Ray EBSD |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025021425 |
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