Update on Retinoblastoma Therapies
Retinoblastoma is a success story in pediatric oncology, evolving from life-saving interventions to approaches that preserve eyes and vision while minimizing complications. Initially managed with enucleation and radiotherapy, treatment now emphasizes eye preservation through chemotherapy as the corn...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/7/1219 |
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| author | Cristina A. Martínez Arce Victor M. Villegas Maura Di Nicola Basil K. Williams Timothy G. Murray |
| author_facet | Cristina A. Martínez Arce Victor M. Villegas Maura Di Nicola Basil K. Williams Timothy G. Murray |
| author_sort | Cristina A. Martínez Arce |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Retinoblastoma is a success story in pediatric oncology, evolving from life-saving interventions to approaches that preserve eyes and vision while minimizing complications. Initially managed with enucleation and radiotherapy, treatment now emphasizes eye preservation through chemotherapy as the cornerstone therapy. Various chemotherapy delivery methods—including intravenous (IVC), intraarterial (IAC), intravitreal, intracameral, and periocular—offer flexibility in treatment. Studies show nearly 100% eye salvage rates for groups A–C. For advanced cases (groups D and E), IAC has achieved outcomes that were not possible before. Intravitreal injections, when performed safely, may help avoid enucleation and radiotherapy in advanced cases, preserving vision, even in complex scenarios, with vitreous seeding. Each strategy may be tailored to tumor and patient characteristics that may help optimize outcomes. Recent innovations like liquid biopsy, prenatal diagnosis, prognostic biomarkers, and new surgical methods, such as tylectomy and chemoplaque, are paving the way for more personalized care. While advanced extraocular or metastatic retinoblastoma remains challenging, these advancements underscore a shift towards better outcomes and individualized management. The future holds promise for refining treatment strategies to maximize eye and vision preservation while ensuring patient survival. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cb25f3df8e4e46f9927c2cfbee4a23bc |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj-art-cb25f3df8e4e46f9927c2cfbee4a23bc2025-07-25T13:29:27ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442025-07-01617121910.3390/medicina61071219Update on Retinoblastoma TherapiesCristina A. Martínez Arce0Victor M. Villegas1Maura Di Nicola2Basil K. Williams3Timothy G. Murray4School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón 00960, Puerto RicoDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto RicoBascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USABascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USAMurray Ocular Oncology and Retina (MOOR), Miami, FL 33143, USARetinoblastoma is a success story in pediatric oncology, evolving from life-saving interventions to approaches that preserve eyes and vision while minimizing complications. Initially managed with enucleation and radiotherapy, treatment now emphasizes eye preservation through chemotherapy as the cornerstone therapy. Various chemotherapy delivery methods—including intravenous (IVC), intraarterial (IAC), intravitreal, intracameral, and periocular—offer flexibility in treatment. Studies show nearly 100% eye salvage rates for groups A–C. For advanced cases (groups D and E), IAC has achieved outcomes that were not possible before. Intravitreal injections, when performed safely, may help avoid enucleation and radiotherapy in advanced cases, preserving vision, even in complex scenarios, with vitreous seeding. Each strategy may be tailored to tumor and patient characteristics that may help optimize outcomes. Recent innovations like liquid biopsy, prenatal diagnosis, prognostic biomarkers, and new surgical methods, such as tylectomy and chemoplaque, are paving the way for more personalized care. While advanced extraocular or metastatic retinoblastoma remains challenging, these advancements underscore a shift towards better outcomes and individualized management. The future holds promise for refining treatment strategies to maximize eye and vision preservation while ensuring patient survival.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/7/1219intra-arterial chemotherapyintravitreal injectionsintravenous chemotherapyintracameral chemotherapyperiocular chemotherapyenucleation |
| spellingShingle | Cristina A. Martínez Arce Victor M. Villegas Maura Di Nicola Basil K. Williams Timothy G. Murray Update on Retinoblastoma Therapies Medicina intra-arterial chemotherapy intravitreal injections intravenous chemotherapy intracameral chemotherapy periocular chemotherapy enucleation |
| title | Update on Retinoblastoma Therapies |
| title_full | Update on Retinoblastoma Therapies |
| title_fullStr | Update on Retinoblastoma Therapies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Update on Retinoblastoma Therapies |
| title_short | Update on Retinoblastoma Therapies |
| title_sort | update on retinoblastoma therapies |
| topic | intra-arterial chemotherapy intravitreal injections intravenous chemotherapy intracameral chemotherapy periocular chemotherapy enucleation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/7/1219 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cristinaamartinezarce updateonretinoblastomatherapies AT victormvillegas updateonretinoblastomatherapies AT mauradinicola updateonretinoblastomatherapies AT basilkwilliams updateonretinoblastomatherapies AT timothygmurray updateonretinoblastomatherapies |