CST2 promotes cell proliferation and regulates cell cycle by activating Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway in serous ovarian cancer
Background Cystatin SA (CST2) plays multiple roles in different types of malignant tumours; however, its role in serous ovarian cancer (SOC) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression levels, survival outcomes, immune cell infiltration, proliferation, cell cycle, and underlyi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/01443615.2024.2363515 |
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| author | Xiaohua Wang Sufen Zhao Yanwei Guo Chunhui Wang Shuyu Han Xingcha Wang |
| author_facet | Xiaohua Wang Sufen Zhao Yanwei Guo Chunhui Wang Shuyu Han Xingcha Wang |
| author_sort | Xiaohua Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Cystatin SA (CST2) plays multiple roles in different types of malignant tumours; however, its role in serous ovarian cancer (SOC) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression levels, survival outcomes, immune cell infiltration, proliferation, cell cycle, and underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the CST2 signature in SOC.Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas database was used to acquire clinical information and CST2 expression profiles from patients with SOC. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to compare CST2 expression levels between SOC and normal ovarian tissues. A prognostic assessment of CST2 was conducted using Cox regression analysis and the Kaplan–Meier method. Differentially expressed genes were identified using functional enrichment analysis. Immune cell infiltration was examined using a single-sample gene set enrichment analysis. Cell cycle characteristics and proliferation were assessed using a colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and a cell counting kit-8 assay. Western blots and quantitative reverse transcription PCR analyses were employed to examine CST2 expressions and related genes involved in the cell cycle and the Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway.Results Our findings revealed significant upregulation of CST2 in SOC, and elevated CST2 expression was correlated with advanced clinicopathological characteristics and unfavourable prognoses. Pathway enrichment analysis highlighted the association between the cell cycle and the Wnt signalling pathway. Moreover, increased CST2 levels were positively correlated with immune cell infiltration. Functionally, CST2 played vital roles in promoting cell proliferation, orchestrating the G1-to-S phase transition, and driving malignant SOC progression through activating the Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway.Conclusions The elevated expression of CST2 may be related to the occurrence and progression of SOC by activating the Wnt-β-catenin pathway. Additionally, our findings suggest that CST2 is a promising novel biomarker with potential applications in therapeutic, prognostic, and diagnostic strategies for SOC. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c87b83b91b2d4e11b9e1424aabe23f1a |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 0144-3615 1364-6893 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology |
| spelling | doaj-art-c87b83b91b2d4e11b9e1424aabe23f1a2025-07-14T18:04:24ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology0144-36151364-68932024-12-0144110.1080/01443615.2024.2363515CST2 promotes cell proliferation and regulates cell cycle by activating Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway in serous ovarian cancerXiaohua Wang0Sufen Zhao1Yanwei Guo2Chunhui Wang3Shuyu Han4Xingcha Wang5Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of HeiBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, ChinaDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of HeiBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, ChinaDepartment of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, ChinaDepartment of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, ChinaDepartment of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, ChinaDepartment of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, ChinaBackground Cystatin SA (CST2) plays multiple roles in different types of malignant tumours; however, its role in serous ovarian cancer (SOC) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression levels, survival outcomes, immune cell infiltration, proliferation, cell cycle, and underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the CST2 signature in SOC.Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas database was used to acquire clinical information and CST2 expression profiles from patients with SOC. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to compare CST2 expression levels between SOC and normal ovarian tissues. A prognostic assessment of CST2 was conducted using Cox regression analysis and the Kaplan–Meier method. Differentially expressed genes were identified using functional enrichment analysis. Immune cell infiltration was examined using a single-sample gene set enrichment analysis. Cell cycle characteristics and proliferation were assessed using a colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and a cell counting kit-8 assay. Western blots and quantitative reverse transcription PCR analyses were employed to examine CST2 expressions and related genes involved in the cell cycle and the Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway.Results Our findings revealed significant upregulation of CST2 in SOC, and elevated CST2 expression was correlated with advanced clinicopathological characteristics and unfavourable prognoses. Pathway enrichment analysis highlighted the association between the cell cycle and the Wnt signalling pathway. Moreover, increased CST2 levels were positively correlated with immune cell infiltration. Functionally, CST2 played vital roles in promoting cell proliferation, orchestrating the G1-to-S phase transition, and driving malignant SOC progression through activating the Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway.Conclusions The elevated expression of CST2 may be related to the occurrence and progression of SOC by activating the Wnt-β-catenin pathway. Additionally, our findings suggest that CST2 is a promising novel biomarker with potential applications in therapeutic, prognostic, and diagnostic strategies for SOC.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/01443615.2024.2363515CST2serous ovarian cancercell cycleWnt-β-catenin signalling pathway |
| spellingShingle | Xiaohua Wang Sufen Zhao Yanwei Guo Chunhui Wang Shuyu Han Xingcha Wang CST2 promotes cell proliferation and regulates cell cycle by activating Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway in serous ovarian cancer Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology CST2 serous ovarian cancer cell cycle Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway |
| title | CST2 promotes cell proliferation and regulates cell cycle by activating Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway in serous ovarian cancer |
| title_full | CST2 promotes cell proliferation and regulates cell cycle by activating Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway in serous ovarian cancer |
| title_fullStr | CST2 promotes cell proliferation and regulates cell cycle by activating Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway in serous ovarian cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | CST2 promotes cell proliferation and regulates cell cycle by activating Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway in serous ovarian cancer |
| title_short | CST2 promotes cell proliferation and regulates cell cycle by activating Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway in serous ovarian cancer |
| title_sort | cst2 promotes cell proliferation and regulates cell cycle by activating wnt β catenin signalling pathway in serous ovarian cancer |
| topic | CST2 serous ovarian cancer cell cycle Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/01443615.2024.2363515 |
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