Neem Leaf Extracts and Azadirachtin Trigger a Moderate Early Defense Response in Sunflowers Infected with Downy Mildew Caused by <i>Plasmopara halstedii</i> (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni

Neem Leaf Extracts and Azadirachtin Trigger a Moderate Early Defense Response in Sunflowers Infected with Downy Mildew Caused by <i>Plasmopara halstedii</i> (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni

This study examined the effectiveness of neem leaf extract (NLE) and azadirachtin (AZA) against two isolates of <i>Plasmopara halstedii</i>, which causes downy mildew in sunflowers. We also explored their physiological and histopathological effects. The pre-inoculation treatments include...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rita Bán, Pratik Doshi, Arbnora Berisha, Katalin Körösi, József Kiss, György Turóczi, Božena Šerá, András Skornyik, Nisha Nisha
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Agriculture
Subjects:
sunflower downy mildew
neem-derived pesticides
hypersensitive reaction (HR)
necrosis
hypersensitive cell death
host defense
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/12/1248
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