Evolutionary Dynamics of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 1 Provide Insights into Insect–Plant Interactions in Lepidoptera
Glycoside hydrolase family 1 (GH1) enzymes are essential for plant cell wall digestion and the detoxification of plant metabolites in insects, yet their evolutionary history in Lepidoptera remains unresolved. This study systematically identified <i>GH1</i> genes across 61 Lepidopteran ge...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Insects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/7/727 |
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| Summary: | Glycoside hydrolase family 1 (GH1) enzymes are essential for plant cell wall digestion and the detoxification of plant metabolites in insects, yet their evolutionary history in Lepidoptera remains unresolved. This study systematically identified <i>GH1</i> genes across 61 Lepidopteran genomes and analyzed their evolutionary dynamics. In addition, the expression profiles of <i>GH1</i> genes in the silkworm (<i>Bombyx mori</i>) across various developmental stages and tissues were related to their evolutionary histories. A total of 996 <i>GH1</i> genes were annotated and classified into 11 groups, with each showing distinct species diversity. Gene duplication and loss analysis revealed frequent duplications and losses during Lepidoptera evolution; these duplications primarily originated through tandem and dispersed duplications and were located in syntenic regions. Transcriptomic analysis of the silkworm revealed that the groups and duplications of <i>GH1</i> genes were correlated to their expression patterns, with high expression in the larval midgut and fat body. These findings suggest that <i>GH1</i> gene duplications and losses and expression have played a significant role in Lepidopteran adaptation to diverse host plants. Overall, this study provides comprehensive insights into the evolutionary trajectories of <i>GH1</i> genes, highlighting their potential contribution to insect–plant interactions in Lepidoptera. |
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| ISSN: | 2075-4450 |