Associations of Sarcopenia and Its Components With Cardiovascular Risk: Five‐Year Longitudinal Evidence From China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Background Sarcopenia, an age‐related condition, has an unclear association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aimed to analyze whether sarcopenia and its individual components are associated with new‐onset CVD in middle‐aged and older adults. Methods and Results Data were derived from the C...
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2025-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.124.040099 |
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| author | Yang Chen Ziyi Zhong Konstantinos Prokopidis Ying Gue Garry McDowell Yang Liu Coleen Ditchfield Muath Alobaida Bi Huang Gregory Y. H. Lip |
| author_facet | Yang Chen Ziyi Zhong Konstantinos Prokopidis Ying Gue Garry McDowell Yang Liu Coleen Ditchfield Muath Alobaida Bi Huang Gregory Y. H. Lip |
| author_sort | Yang Chen |
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| description | Background Sarcopenia, an age‐related condition, has an unclear association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aimed to analyze whether sarcopenia and its individual components are associated with new‐onset CVD in middle‐aged and older adults. Methods and Results Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, with sarcopenia defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. The primary outcome was composite CVD, comprising heart disease and stroke. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and Fine–Gray subdistribution hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs), subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs), and 95% CIs. A total of 10 649 participants (mean age 64.5±10.7 years, 47.6% male) were included. During mean follow‐up of 4.60±1.06 years, there were 1649 (15.5%) cases of new‐onset CVD. Possible sarcopenia was linked to increased new‐onset composite CVD risk (HR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.06–1.37]; SHR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.05–1.35]), whereas sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia showed no association. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed that 5‐time chair stand test (5‐CST) was associated with new‐onset composite CVD, with significant sex‐specific interaction (P‐for‐interaction=0.001). Compared with 5‐CST≤9.0 s, higher risk of new‐onset composite CVD was observed in men for 9.0 s<5‐CST≤15.0 s (HR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.16–1.59]; SHR, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.15–1.56]) and 5‐CST>15.0 s (HR, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.65–2.90]; SHR, 2.00 [95% CI, 1.53–2.63]). Among women, 5‐CST>8.5 s had higher risk of new‐onset composite CVD compared with 5‐CST≤8.5 s (HR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.09–1.45]; SHR, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.09–1.43]). Conclusion Possible sarcopenia was associated with increased risk of new‐onset composite CVD, suggesting that progression to definite sarcopenia may not parallel cardiovascular risk. Longer 5‐CST was linked to higher risk of new‐onset composite CVD, with sex‐specific association. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c6ddcf2c3d0f452a8d43f561b2979c16 |
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| issn | 2047-9980 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-c6ddcf2c3d0f452a8d43f561b2979c162025-07-30T11:56:33ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802025-07-01141310.1161/JAHA.124.040099Associations of Sarcopenia and Its Components With Cardiovascular Risk: Five‐Year Longitudinal Evidence From China Health and Retirement Longitudinal StudyYang Chen0Ziyi Zhong1Konstantinos Prokopidis2Ying Gue3Garry McDowell4Yang Liu5Coleen Ditchfield6Muath Alobaida7Bi Huang8Gregory Y. H. Lip9Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool United KingdomLiverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool United KingdomLiverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool United KingdomLiverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool United KingdomLiverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool United KingdomLiverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool United KingdomDepartment of Medicine for Older People Whiston Hospital, Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Prescot United KingdomLiverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool United KingdomLiverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool United KingdomLiverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital Liverpool United KingdomBackground Sarcopenia, an age‐related condition, has an unclear association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aimed to analyze whether sarcopenia and its individual components are associated with new‐onset CVD in middle‐aged and older adults. Methods and Results Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, with sarcopenia defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. The primary outcome was composite CVD, comprising heart disease and stroke. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and Fine–Gray subdistribution hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs), subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs), and 95% CIs. A total of 10 649 participants (mean age 64.5±10.7 years, 47.6% male) were included. During mean follow‐up of 4.60±1.06 years, there were 1649 (15.5%) cases of new‐onset CVD. Possible sarcopenia was linked to increased new‐onset composite CVD risk (HR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.06–1.37]; SHR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.05–1.35]), whereas sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia showed no association. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed that 5‐time chair stand test (5‐CST) was associated with new‐onset composite CVD, with significant sex‐specific interaction (P‐for‐interaction=0.001). Compared with 5‐CST≤9.0 s, higher risk of new‐onset composite CVD was observed in men for 9.0 s<5‐CST≤15.0 s (HR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.16–1.59]; SHR, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.15–1.56]) and 5‐CST>15.0 s (HR, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.65–2.90]; SHR, 2.00 [95% CI, 1.53–2.63]). Among women, 5‐CST>8.5 s had higher risk of new‐onset composite CVD compared with 5‐CST≤8.5 s (HR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.09–1.45]; SHR, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.09–1.43]). Conclusion Possible sarcopenia was associated with increased risk of new‐onset composite CVD, suggesting that progression to definite sarcopenia may not parallel cardiovascular risk. Longer 5‐CST was linked to higher risk of new‐onset composite CVD, with sex‐specific association.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.124.0400995‐time chair stand testall‐cause mortalitycardiovascular diseaseheart diseasesarcopeniastroke |
| spellingShingle | Yang Chen Ziyi Zhong Konstantinos Prokopidis Ying Gue Garry McDowell Yang Liu Coleen Ditchfield Muath Alobaida Bi Huang Gregory Y. H. Lip Associations of Sarcopenia and Its Components With Cardiovascular Risk: Five‐Year Longitudinal Evidence From China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease 5‐time chair stand test all‐cause mortality cardiovascular disease heart disease sarcopenia stroke |
| title | Associations of Sarcopenia and Its Components With Cardiovascular Risk: Five‐Year Longitudinal Evidence From China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study |
| title_full | Associations of Sarcopenia and Its Components With Cardiovascular Risk: Five‐Year Longitudinal Evidence From China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study |
| title_fullStr | Associations of Sarcopenia and Its Components With Cardiovascular Risk: Five‐Year Longitudinal Evidence From China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Associations of Sarcopenia and Its Components With Cardiovascular Risk: Five‐Year Longitudinal Evidence From China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study |
| title_short | Associations of Sarcopenia and Its Components With Cardiovascular Risk: Five‐Year Longitudinal Evidence From China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study |
| title_sort | associations of sarcopenia and its components with cardiovascular risk five year longitudinal evidence from china health and retirement longitudinal study |
| topic | 5‐time chair stand test all‐cause mortality cardiovascular disease heart disease sarcopenia stroke |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.124.040099 |
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