Responses of yield, root traits and their plasticity to the nitrogen environment in nitrogen-efficient cultivars of drip-irrigated rice
The responses of drip-irrigated rice physiological traits to water and fertilizers have been widely studied. However, the responses of yield, root traits and their plasticity to the nitrogen environment in different nitrogen-efficient cultivars are not fully understood. An experiment was conducted f...
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Integrative Agriculture |
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| author | Qingyun Tang Guodong Wang Lei Zhao Zhiwen Song Yuxiang Li |
| author_facet | Qingyun Tang Guodong Wang Lei Zhao Zhiwen Song Yuxiang Li |
| author_sort | Qingyun Tang |
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| description | The responses of drip-irrigated rice physiological traits to water and fertilizers have been widely studied. However, the responses of yield, root traits and their plasticity to the nitrogen environment in different nitrogen-efficient cultivars are not fully understood. An experiment was conducted from 2020–2022 with a high nitrogen use efficiency (high-NUE) cultivar (T-43) and a low-NUE cultivar (LX-3), and four nitrogen levels (0, 150, 300, and 450 kg ha–1) under drip irrigation in large fields. The aim was to study the relationships between root morphology, conformation, biomass, and endogenous hormone contents, yield and NUE. The results showed three main points: 1) Under the same N application rate, compared with LX-3, the yield, N partial factor productivity (PFP), fine root length density (FRLD), shoot dry weight (SDW), root indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and root zeatin and zeatin riboside (Z+ZR) of T-43 were significantly greater by 11.4–18.9, 11.3–13.5, 11.6–15.7, 9.9–31.1, 6.1–48.1, and 22.8–73.6%, respectively, while the root–shoot ratio (RSR) and root abscisic acid (ABA) were significantly lower (P<0.05); 2) nitrogen treatment significantly increased the rice root morphological indexes and endogenous hormone contents (P<0.05). Compared to N0, the yield, RLD, surface area density (SAD), root volume density (RVD), and root endogenous hormones (IAA, Z+ZR) were significantly increased in both cultivars under N2 by 61.6–71.6, 64.2–74.0, 69.9–105.6, 6.67–9.91, 54.0–67.8, and 51.4–58.9%, respectively. Compared with N3, the PFP and N agronomic efficiency (NAE) of nitrogen fertilizer under N2 increased by 52.3–62.4 and 39.2–63.0%, respectively; 3) the responses of root trait plasticity to the N environment significantly differed between the cultivars (P<0.05). Compared with LX-3, T-43 showed a longer root length and larger specific surface area, which is a strategy for adapting to changes in the nutrient environment. For the rice cultivar with high-NUE, the RSR was optimized by increasing the FRLD, root distribution in upper soil layers, and root endogenous hormones (IAA, Z+ZR) under suitable nitrogen conditions (N2). An efficient nutrient acquisition strategy can occur through root plasticity, leading to greater yield and NUE. |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2095-3119 |
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| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-c64a8001f3d34d8c959924809c7f91a42025-08-02T19:01:47ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Journal of Integrative Agriculture2095-31192025-02-01242480496Responses of yield, root traits and their plasticity to the nitrogen environment in nitrogen-efficient cultivars of drip-irrigated riceQingyun Tang0Guodong Wang1Lei Zhao2Zhiwen Song3Yuxiang Li4Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture, Shihezi University/Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, ChinaNorthwest Oasis Water-saving Agriculture Key Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Water and Fertilizer of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture, Shihezi University/Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture, Shihezi University/Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture, Shihezi University/Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China; Correspondence Yuxiang Li, Tel: +86-993-2058007The responses of drip-irrigated rice physiological traits to water and fertilizers have been widely studied. However, the responses of yield, root traits and their plasticity to the nitrogen environment in different nitrogen-efficient cultivars are not fully understood. An experiment was conducted from 2020–2022 with a high nitrogen use efficiency (high-NUE) cultivar (T-43) and a low-NUE cultivar (LX-3), and four nitrogen levels (0, 150, 300, and 450 kg ha–1) under drip irrigation in large fields. The aim was to study the relationships between root morphology, conformation, biomass, and endogenous hormone contents, yield and NUE. The results showed three main points: 1) Under the same N application rate, compared with LX-3, the yield, N partial factor productivity (PFP), fine root length density (FRLD), shoot dry weight (SDW), root indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and root zeatin and zeatin riboside (Z+ZR) of T-43 were significantly greater by 11.4–18.9, 11.3–13.5, 11.6–15.7, 9.9–31.1, 6.1–48.1, and 22.8–73.6%, respectively, while the root–shoot ratio (RSR) and root abscisic acid (ABA) were significantly lower (P<0.05); 2) nitrogen treatment significantly increased the rice root morphological indexes and endogenous hormone contents (P<0.05). Compared to N0, the yield, RLD, surface area density (SAD), root volume density (RVD), and root endogenous hormones (IAA, Z+ZR) were significantly increased in both cultivars under N2 by 61.6–71.6, 64.2–74.0, 69.9–105.6, 6.67–9.91, 54.0–67.8, and 51.4–58.9%, respectively. Compared with N3, the PFP and N agronomic efficiency (NAE) of nitrogen fertilizer under N2 increased by 52.3–62.4 and 39.2–63.0%, respectively; 3) the responses of root trait plasticity to the N environment significantly differed between the cultivars (P<0.05). Compared with LX-3, T-43 showed a longer root length and larger specific surface area, which is a strategy for adapting to changes in the nutrient environment. For the rice cultivar with high-NUE, the RSR was optimized by increasing the FRLD, root distribution in upper soil layers, and root endogenous hormones (IAA, Z+ZR) under suitable nitrogen conditions (N2). An efficient nutrient acquisition strategy can occur through root plasticity, leading to greater yield and NUE.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311923004616drip irrigation ricenitrogen environmentroot traitsplasticityyieldnitrogen use efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Qingyun Tang Guodong Wang Lei Zhao Zhiwen Song Yuxiang Li Responses of yield, root traits and their plasticity to the nitrogen environment in nitrogen-efficient cultivars of drip-irrigated rice Journal of Integrative Agriculture drip irrigation rice nitrogen environment root traits plasticity yield nitrogen use efficiency |
| title | Responses of yield, root traits and their plasticity to the nitrogen environment in nitrogen-efficient cultivars of drip-irrigated rice |
| title_full | Responses of yield, root traits and their plasticity to the nitrogen environment in nitrogen-efficient cultivars of drip-irrigated rice |
| title_fullStr | Responses of yield, root traits and their plasticity to the nitrogen environment in nitrogen-efficient cultivars of drip-irrigated rice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Responses of yield, root traits and their plasticity to the nitrogen environment in nitrogen-efficient cultivars of drip-irrigated rice |
| title_short | Responses of yield, root traits and their plasticity to the nitrogen environment in nitrogen-efficient cultivars of drip-irrigated rice |
| title_sort | responses of yield root traits and their plasticity to the nitrogen environment in nitrogen efficient cultivars of drip irrigated rice |
| topic | drip irrigation rice nitrogen environment root traits plasticity yield nitrogen use efficiency |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311923004616 |
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