The Effect of Impactor Geometry on the Damage Patterns Generated by Low-Velocity Impacts on Composite Pressure Vessels
Due to environmental concerns and increasing energy needs, hydrogen is increasingly seen as a promising alternative to fossil fuels. Its advantages include minimal greenhouse gas emissions (depending on origin), high efficiency, and widespread availability. Various storage methods have been develope...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Modelling |
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| author | Shiva Rezaei Akbarieh Dayou Ma Claudio Sbarufatti Andrea Manes |
| author_facet | Shiva Rezaei Akbarieh Dayou Ma Claudio Sbarufatti Andrea Manes |
| author_sort | Shiva Rezaei Akbarieh |
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| description | Due to environmental concerns and increasing energy needs, hydrogen is increasingly seen as a promising alternative to fossil fuels. Its advantages include minimal greenhouse gas emissions (depending on origin), high efficiency, and widespread availability. Various storage methods have been developed, with high-pressure storage being currently among the most common due to its cost-effectiveness and simplicity. Composite high-pressure vessels are categorized as type III or IV, with type III using an aluminum alloy liner and type IV utilizing a polymer liner. This paper investigates damage mechanisms in filament wound carbon fiber composite pressure vessels subjected to low-velocity impacts, focusing on two types of impactors (with different geometries) with varying impact energies. The initial section features experimental trials that capture various failure modes (e.g., matrix damage, delamination, and fiber breakage) and how different impactor geometries influence the damage mechanisms of composite vessels. A numerical model was developed and validated with experimental data to support the experimental findings, ensuring accurate damage mechanism simulation. The research then analyzes how the shape and size of impactors influence damage patterns in the curved vessel, aiming to establish a relationship between impactor geometry features and damage, which is crucial for the design and applications of carbon fiber composites in such an engineering application. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c4faf28d2ffb46518c5c81fbb3d6627c |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2673-3951 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Modelling |
| spelling | doaj-art-c4faf28d2ffb46518c5c81fbb3d6627c2025-06-25T14:13:08ZengMDPI AGModelling2673-39512025-05-01624110.3390/modelling6020041The Effect of Impactor Geometry on the Damage Patterns Generated by Low-Velocity Impacts on Composite Pressure VesselsShiva Rezaei Akbarieh0Dayou Ma1Claudio Sbarufatti2Andrea Manes3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via la Masa, 1, 20156 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via la Masa, 1, 20156 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via la Masa, 1, 20156 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via la Masa, 1, 20156 Milan, ItalyDue to environmental concerns and increasing energy needs, hydrogen is increasingly seen as a promising alternative to fossil fuels. Its advantages include minimal greenhouse gas emissions (depending on origin), high efficiency, and widespread availability. Various storage methods have been developed, with high-pressure storage being currently among the most common due to its cost-effectiveness and simplicity. Composite high-pressure vessels are categorized as type III or IV, with type III using an aluminum alloy liner and type IV utilizing a polymer liner. This paper investigates damage mechanisms in filament wound carbon fiber composite pressure vessels subjected to low-velocity impacts, focusing on two types of impactors (with different geometries) with varying impact energies. The initial section features experimental trials that capture various failure modes (e.g., matrix damage, delamination, and fiber breakage) and how different impactor geometries influence the damage mechanisms of composite vessels. A numerical model was developed and validated with experimental data to support the experimental findings, ensuring accurate damage mechanism simulation. The research then analyzes how the shape and size of impactors influence damage patterns in the curved vessel, aiming to establish a relationship between impactor geometry features and damage, which is crucial for the design and applications of carbon fiber composites in such an engineering application.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3951/6/2/41carbon fiber compositepressure vesselslow-velocity impactnumerical modeling |
| spellingShingle | Shiva Rezaei Akbarieh Dayou Ma Claudio Sbarufatti Andrea Manes The Effect of Impactor Geometry on the Damage Patterns Generated by Low-Velocity Impacts on Composite Pressure Vessels Modelling carbon fiber composite pressure vessels low-velocity impact numerical modeling |
| title | The Effect of Impactor Geometry on the Damage Patterns Generated by Low-Velocity Impacts on Composite Pressure Vessels |
| title_full | The Effect of Impactor Geometry on the Damage Patterns Generated by Low-Velocity Impacts on Composite Pressure Vessels |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Impactor Geometry on the Damage Patterns Generated by Low-Velocity Impacts on Composite Pressure Vessels |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Impactor Geometry on the Damage Patterns Generated by Low-Velocity Impacts on Composite Pressure Vessels |
| title_short | The Effect of Impactor Geometry on the Damage Patterns Generated by Low-Velocity Impacts on Composite Pressure Vessels |
| title_sort | effect of impactor geometry on the damage patterns generated by low velocity impacts on composite pressure vessels |
| topic | carbon fiber composite pressure vessels low-velocity impact numerical modeling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3951/6/2/41 |
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