Identification and evaluation of phenotypic characters and genetic diversity analysis of 1,558 foxtail millet germplasm resources for conservation and breeding
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is a specialty mixed grain crop that originated in China. This study comprehensively assessed the phenotypic variability of 1,558 foxtail millet accessions to explore their genetic diversity and facilitate effective germplasm conservation. A total of 25 traits, inclu...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1624252/full |
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| author | Xinwei Xue Xinwei Xue Zhikun Yu Ankang Mu Fan Yang Dan Liu Shi Zhang Jialin Zhang Yao Cheng Yushan Zhao Yongping Zhang Xianrui Wang |
| author_facet | Xinwei Xue Xinwei Xue Zhikun Yu Ankang Mu Fan Yang Dan Liu Shi Zhang Jialin Zhang Yao Cheng Yushan Zhao Yongping Zhang Xianrui Wang |
| author_sort | Xinwei Xue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is a specialty mixed grain crop that originated in China. This study comprehensively assessed the phenotypic variability of 1,558 foxtail millet accessions to explore their genetic diversity and facilitate effective germplasm conservation. A total of 25 traits, including 11 quantitative and 14 qualitative, were investigated based on the quantization of physical and chemical descriptors and digital image analysis. The findings revealed significant variations in the coefficient of variation (CV) among the quantitative traits, which ranged from 3.90–28.38%. That of the qualitative traits ranged from 7.44–66.20%. The Shannon-Wiener Index (H′) of the quantitative traits ranged between 1.86–2.08, and that of the qualitative traits ranged from 0.04–1.40. High genetic diversity was also detected among the 1,558 accessions. Based on hierarchical clustering, 1,558 accessions were separated into five categories. The principal component analysis (PCA) results indicated that 10 principal components were extracted when the cumulative contribution rate of the phenotypic traits reached 64.30%. The comprehensive evaluation F-values calculated based on correlation and PCA analyses of 25 phenotypic traits were applied to all the accessions, and the top 10 varieties were identified. Collectively, this study showed the rich genetic diversity of the 1,558 foxtail millet accessions, which could provide a baseline for breeding new millet varieties. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c4db91f6b0b44d87aba0c51e85aa84f7 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-c4db91f6b0b44d87aba0c51e85aa84f72025-07-16T05:36:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2025-07-011610.3389/fpls.2025.16242521624252Identification and evaluation of phenotypic characters and genetic diversity analysis of 1,558 foxtail millet germplasm resources for conservation and breedingXinwei Xue0Xinwei Xue1Zhikun Yu2Ankang Mu3Fan Yang4Dan Liu5Shi Zhang6Jialin Zhang7Yao Cheng8Yushan Zhao9Yongping Zhang10Xianrui Wang11College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, ChinaChifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, ChinaChifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, ChinaChifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, ChinaChifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, ChinaChifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, ChinaChifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, ChinaChifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, ChinaChifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, ChinaChifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, ChinaCollege of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, ChinaChifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, ChinaFoxtail millet (Setaria italica) is a specialty mixed grain crop that originated in China. This study comprehensively assessed the phenotypic variability of 1,558 foxtail millet accessions to explore their genetic diversity and facilitate effective germplasm conservation. A total of 25 traits, including 11 quantitative and 14 qualitative, were investigated based on the quantization of physical and chemical descriptors and digital image analysis. The findings revealed significant variations in the coefficient of variation (CV) among the quantitative traits, which ranged from 3.90–28.38%. That of the qualitative traits ranged from 7.44–66.20%. The Shannon-Wiener Index (H′) of the quantitative traits ranged between 1.86–2.08, and that of the qualitative traits ranged from 0.04–1.40. High genetic diversity was also detected among the 1,558 accessions. Based on hierarchical clustering, 1,558 accessions were separated into five categories. The principal component analysis (PCA) results indicated that 10 principal components were extracted when the cumulative contribution rate of the phenotypic traits reached 64.30%. The comprehensive evaluation F-values calculated based on correlation and PCA analyses of 25 phenotypic traits were applied to all the accessions, and the top 10 varieties were identified. Collectively, this study showed the rich genetic diversity of the 1,558 foxtail millet accessions, which could provide a baseline for breeding new millet varieties.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1624252/fullfoxtail milletgermplasm resourcesagronomic traitscomprehensive evaluationgenetic diversity analysis |
| spellingShingle | Xinwei Xue Xinwei Xue Zhikun Yu Ankang Mu Fan Yang Dan Liu Shi Zhang Jialin Zhang Yao Cheng Yushan Zhao Yongping Zhang Xianrui Wang Identification and evaluation of phenotypic characters and genetic diversity analysis of 1,558 foxtail millet germplasm resources for conservation and breeding Frontiers in Plant Science foxtail millet germplasm resources agronomic traits comprehensive evaluation genetic diversity analysis |
| title | Identification and evaluation of phenotypic characters and genetic diversity analysis of 1,558 foxtail millet germplasm resources for conservation and breeding |
| title_full | Identification and evaluation of phenotypic characters and genetic diversity analysis of 1,558 foxtail millet germplasm resources for conservation and breeding |
| title_fullStr | Identification and evaluation of phenotypic characters and genetic diversity analysis of 1,558 foxtail millet germplasm resources for conservation and breeding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification and evaluation of phenotypic characters and genetic diversity analysis of 1,558 foxtail millet germplasm resources for conservation and breeding |
| title_short | Identification and evaluation of phenotypic characters and genetic diversity analysis of 1,558 foxtail millet germplasm resources for conservation and breeding |
| title_sort | identification and evaluation of phenotypic characters and genetic diversity analysis of 1 558 foxtail millet germplasm resources for conservation and breeding |
| topic | foxtail millet germplasm resources agronomic traits comprehensive evaluation genetic diversity analysis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1624252/full |
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