Theoretical Performance of BaSnO<sub>3</sub>-Based Perovskite Solar Cell Designs Under Variable Light Intensities, Temperatures, and Donor and Defect Densities
Barium stannate (BaSnO<sub>3</sub>) has emerged as a promising alternative electron transport material owing to its superior electron mobility, resistance to UV degradation, and energy bandgap tunability, yet BaSnO<sub>3</sub>-based perovskite solar cells have not reached the...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Designs |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-9660/9/3/76 |
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| Summary: | Barium stannate (BaSnO<sub>3</sub>) has emerged as a promising alternative electron transport material owing to its superior electron mobility, resistance to UV degradation, and energy bandgap tunability, yet BaSnO<sub>3</sub>-based perovskite solar cells have not reached the efficiency levels of TiO<sub>2</sub>-based designs. This theoretical study presents a design-driven evaluation of BaSnO<sub>3</sub>-based perovskite solar cell architectures, incorporating MAPbI<sub>3</sub> or FAMAPbI<sub>3</sub> perovskite materials, Spiro-OMeTAD, or Cu<sub>2</sub>O hole transport materials as well as hole-free configurations, under varying light intensity. Using a systematic device modelling approach, we explore the influence of key design variables—such as layer thickness, donor density, and interface defect concentration—of BaSnO<sub>3</sub> and operating temperature on the power conversion efficiency (PCE). Among the proposed designs, the FTO/BaSnO<sub>3</sub>/FAMAPbI<sub>3</sub>/Cu<sub>2</sub>O/Au heterostructure exhibits an exceptionally effective arrangement with PCE of 38.2% under concentrated light (10,000 W/m<sup>2</sup>, or 10 Sun). The structure also demonstrates strong thermal robustness up to 400 K, with a low temperature coefficient of −0.078% K<sup>−1</sup>. These results underscore the importance of material and structural optimisation in PSC design and highlight the role of high-mobility, thermally stable inorganic transport layers—BaSnO<sub>3</sub> as the electron transport material (ETM) and Cu<sub>2</sub>O as the hole transport material (HTM)—in enabling efficient and stable photovoltaic performance under high irradiance. The study contributes valuable insights into the rational design of high-performance PSCs for emerging solar technologies. |
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| ISSN: | 2411-9660 |