Molecular Detection and characterization of viruses infecting greenhouse-grown tomatoes in Albania
During the 2023–2024 growing season, a total of 45 tomato greenhouses were visited across five major production regions of Albania (Berat, Lushnje, Fier, Tirana, and Shkodra). A total of 196 greenhouse-grown tomato leaf samples, representing 31 varieties, were collected from plants showing virus-lik...
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Firenze University Press
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Phytopathologia Mediterranea |
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| Online Access: | https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/pm/article/view/15811 |
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| author | Magdalena CARA Amani BEN SLIMEN Enea MITRI Orges CARA Dajana FRASHERI Jordan MERKURI Giuseppe PARRELLA Toufic ELBEAINO |
| author_facet | Magdalena CARA Amani BEN SLIMEN Enea MITRI Orges CARA Dajana FRASHERI Jordan MERKURI Giuseppe PARRELLA Toufic ELBEAINO |
| author_sort | Magdalena CARA |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During the 2023–2024 growing season, a total of 45 tomato greenhouses were visited across five major production regions of Albania (Berat, Lushnje, Fier, Tirana, and Shkodra). A total of 196 greenhouse-grown tomato leaf samples, representing 31 varieties, were collected from plants showing virus-like symptoms. All samples were tested by RT-PCR and qPCR assays for the possible presence of significant tomato-infecting viruses and viroids, including alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), tomato infectious chlorosis virus (TICV), tomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV), tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), tomato mild mottle virus (ToMMoV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), pepino mosaic virus (PepMV), potato viruses X and Y (PVX, PVY), potato leafroll virus (PLRV), tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd), and potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd). In addition, Next-generation sequencing (NGS) using Illumina and MinION nanopore technologies were performed to characterize the complete genome of two Albanian ToBRFV isolates. RT-PCR and qPCR showed that ToCV, ToBRFV, AMV, and CMV were present in 25, 9.1, 4.1, and 4.1% of the samples, respectively, whereas all remaining viruses and viroids were absent. Illumina and MinION sequencing unveiled the complete genome sequences of ToBRFV (6,381 nucleotides) and of two additional viruses, i.e., Southern tomato virus, STV (3,437 nts) and tobacco vein clearing virus, TVCV (7,596 nts), both of which were not included in our initial screening. The two latter viruses were afterward diagnosed by PCR and found to be present in 2 and 3% of the tested samples, respectively. ToCV was most prevalent in Lushnje and Fier regions, while ToBRFV in Berat and Fier. The phylogenetic analyses predominantly clustered together the different Albanian viruses isolate, suggesting a local or regional origin. This study reports for the first time the presence of STV and TVCV in Albania and highlights the emergence of ToCV and ToBRFV in the country. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c27a63dcb0de45f59634e28c3ac4706f |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 0031-9465 1593-2095 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Firenze University Press |
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| series | Phytopathologia Mediterranea |
| spelling | doaj-art-c27a63dcb0de45f59634e28c3ac4706f2025-07-22T10:40:10ZengFirenze University PressPhytopathologia Mediterranea0031-94651593-20952025-05-01641778610.36253/phyto-1581114648Molecular Detection and characterization of viruses infecting greenhouse-grown tomatoes in AlbaniaMagdalena CARA0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1715-8635Amani BEN SLIMEN1Enea MITRI2Orges CARA3https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0682-0796Dajana FRASHERI4Jordan MERKURI5Giuseppe PARRELLA6Toufic ELBEAINO7Agriculture University of Tirana, Rruga Paisi Vodica 1025, Tirana, AlbaniaInternational Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM of Bari), Valenzano, ItalyInternational Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM of Bari), Valenzano, ItalyInternational Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM of Bari), Valenzano, ItalyInternational Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM of Bari), Valenzano, ItalyNanobalkan, Academy of Sciences of Albania, Murat Toptani Avenue, 1000 Tirana, AlbaniaInstitute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Portici, ItalyInstitute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Portici, ItalyDuring the 2023–2024 growing season, a total of 45 tomato greenhouses were visited across five major production regions of Albania (Berat, Lushnje, Fier, Tirana, and Shkodra). A total of 196 greenhouse-grown tomato leaf samples, representing 31 varieties, were collected from plants showing virus-like symptoms. All samples were tested by RT-PCR and qPCR assays for the possible presence of significant tomato-infecting viruses and viroids, including alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), tomato infectious chlorosis virus (TICV), tomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV), tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), tomato mild mottle virus (ToMMoV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), pepino mosaic virus (PepMV), potato viruses X and Y (PVX, PVY), potato leafroll virus (PLRV), tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd), and potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd). In addition, Next-generation sequencing (NGS) using Illumina and MinION nanopore technologies were performed to characterize the complete genome of two Albanian ToBRFV isolates. RT-PCR and qPCR showed that ToCV, ToBRFV, AMV, and CMV were present in 25, 9.1, 4.1, and 4.1% of the samples, respectively, whereas all remaining viruses and viroids were absent. Illumina and MinION sequencing unveiled the complete genome sequences of ToBRFV (6,381 nucleotides) and of two additional viruses, i.e., Southern tomato virus, STV (3,437 nts) and tobacco vein clearing virus, TVCV (7,596 nts), both of which were not included in our initial screening. The two latter viruses were afterward diagnosed by PCR and found to be present in 2 and 3% of the tested samples, respectively. ToCV was most prevalent in Lushnje and Fier regions, while ToBRFV in Berat and Fier. The phylogenetic analyses predominantly clustered together the different Albanian viruses isolate, suggesting a local or regional origin. This study reports for the first time the presence of STV and TVCV in Albania and highlights the emergence of ToCV and ToBRFV in the country.https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/pm/article/view/15811rt-pcrqpcrnext-generation sequencingphylogenetic analysisemerging viruses |
| spellingShingle | Magdalena CARA Amani BEN SLIMEN Enea MITRI Orges CARA Dajana FRASHERI Jordan MERKURI Giuseppe PARRELLA Toufic ELBEAINO Molecular Detection and characterization of viruses infecting greenhouse-grown tomatoes in Albania Phytopathologia Mediterranea rt-pcr qpcr next-generation sequencing phylogenetic analysis emerging viruses |
| title | Molecular Detection and characterization of viruses infecting greenhouse-grown tomatoes in Albania |
| title_full | Molecular Detection and characterization of viruses infecting greenhouse-grown tomatoes in Albania |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Detection and characterization of viruses infecting greenhouse-grown tomatoes in Albania |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Detection and characterization of viruses infecting greenhouse-grown tomatoes in Albania |
| title_short | Molecular Detection and characterization of viruses infecting greenhouse-grown tomatoes in Albania |
| title_sort | molecular detection and characterization of viruses infecting greenhouse grown tomatoes in albania |
| topic | rt-pcr qpcr next-generation sequencing phylogenetic analysis emerging viruses |
| url | https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/pm/article/view/15811 |
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