Organoid Models of Lymphoid Tissues
Lymphoid organs are critical for organizing the development of the immune system, generating immune tolerance, and orchestrating the adaptive immune response to foreign antigens. Defects in their structure and function can lead to immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, cancer, or autoimmune diseases. T...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Organoids |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1172/4/2/7 |
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| author | Ania Bogoslowski Joice Ren Clément Quintard Josef M. Penninger |
| author_facet | Ania Bogoslowski Joice Ren Clément Quintard Josef M. Penninger |
| author_sort | Ania Bogoslowski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lymphoid organs are critical for organizing the development of the immune system, generating immune tolerance, and orchestrating the adaptive immune response to foreign antigens. Defects in their structure and function can lead to immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, cancer, or autoimmune diseases. To better understand these diseases and assess potential therapies, complex models that recapitulate the anatomy and physiology of these tissues are required. Organoid models possess a number of advantages, including complex 3D microarchitecture, scalability, and personalization, which make them ideal for modelling lymphoid organs and related pathologies. Organoids have been developed for both primary and secondary lymphoid tissues; however, these models possess several limitations, including immature phenotypes and incomplete stromal cell populations. Furthermore, these organoids are often heterogeneous in both structure and function. Several lymphoid organs, such as the spleen, do not yet have robust organoid models, offering opportunities for breakthroughs in the field. Overall, development of lymphoid organoids will pave the way for the rapid development and testing of novel therapies, organ modelling, and personalized medicine. This review summarizes current advances in models for the primary lymphoid organ—bone marrow and thymus—as well as the secondary lymphoid organs of the lymph node and spleen. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bd201661bb0c4ff794facad0d35c3b51 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2674-1172 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Organoids |
| spelling | doaj-art-bd201661bb0c4ff794facad0d35c3b512025-06-25T14:16:26ZengMDPI AGOrganoids2674-11722025-04-0142710.3390/organoids4020007Organoid Models of Lymphoid TissuesAnia Bogoslowski0Joice Ren1Clément Quintard2Josef M. Penninger3Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, CanadaDepartment of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, CanadaDepartment of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, CanadaDepartment of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, CanadaLymphoid organs are critical for organizing the development of the immune system, generating immune tolerance, and orchestrating the adaptive immune response to foreign antigens. Defects in their structure and function can lead to immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, cancer, or autoimmune diseases. To better understand these diseases and assess potential therapies, complex models that recapitulate the anatomy and physiology of these tissues are required. Organoid models possess a number of advantages, including complex 3D microarchitecture, scalability, and personalization, which make them ideal for modelling lymphoid organs and related pathologies. Organoids have been developed for both primary and secondary lymphoid tissues; however, these models possess several limitations, including immature phenotypes and incomplete stromal cell populations. Furthermore, these organoids are often heterogeneous in both structure and function. Several lymphoid organs, such as the spleen, do not yet have robust organoid models, offering opportunities for breakthroughs in the field. Overall, development of lymphoid organoids will pave the way for the rapid development and testing of novel therapies, organ modelling, and personalized medicine. This review summarizes current advances in models for the primary lymphoid organ—bone marrow and thymus—as well as the secondary lymphoid organs of the lymph node and spleen.https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1172/4/2/7organoidsimmune cellslymphoid tissuebone marrowthymusspleen |
| spellingShingle | Ania Bogoslowski Joice Ren Clément Quintard Josef M. Penninger Organoid Models of Lymphoid Tissues Organoids organoids immune cells lymphoid tissue bone marrow thymus spleen |
| title | Organoid Models of Lymphoid Tissues |
| title_full | Organoid Models of Lymphoid Tissues |
| title_fullStr | Organoid Models of Lymphoid Tissues |
| title_full_unstemmed | Organoid Models of Lymphoid Tissues |
| title_short | Organoid Models of Lymphoid Tissues |
| title_sort | organoid models of lymphoid tissues |
| topic | organoids immune cells lymphoid tissue bone marrow thymus spleen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1172/4/2/7 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT aniabogoslowski organoidmodelsoflymphoidtissues AT joiceren organoidmodelsoflymphoidtissues AT clementquintard organoidmodelsoflymphoidtissues AT josefmpenninger organoidmodelsoflymphoidtissues |