Phenological Performance, Thermal Demand, and Qualitative Potential of Wine Grape Cultivars Under Double Pruning
The production of winter wines in Southeastern Brazil represents a relatively recent but expanding viticultural approach, with increasing adoption across diverse wine-growing regions. This system relies on the double-pruning technique, which allows for the harvest of grapes during the dry and cooler...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| author | Carolina Ragoni Maniero Marco Antonio Tecchio Harleson Sidney Almeida Monteiro Camilo André Pereira Contreras Sánchez Giuliano Elias Pereira Juliane Barreto de Oliveira Sinara de Nazaré Santana Brito Francisco José Domingues Neto Sarita Leonel Marcelo de Souza Silva Ricardo Figueira Pricila Veiga dos Santos |
| author_facet | Carolina Ragoni Maniero Marco Antonio Tecchio Harleson Sidney Almeida Monteiro Camilo André Pereira Contreras Sánchez Giuliano Elias Pereira Juliane Barreto de Oliveira Sinara de Nazaré Santana Brito Francisco José Domingues Neto Sarita Leonel Marcelo de Souza Silva Ricardo Figueira Pricila Veiga dos Santos |
| author_sort | Carolina Ragoni Maniero |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The production of winter wines in Southeastern Brazil represents a relatively recent but expanding viticultural approach, with increasing adoption across diverse wine-growing regions. This system relies on the double-pruning technique, which allows for the harvest of grapes during the dry and cooler winter season, favoring a greater accumulation of sugars, acids, and phenolic compounds. This study aimed to characterize the phenological stages, thermal requirements, yield, and fruit quality of the fine wine grape cultivars ‘Sauvignon Blanc’, ‘Merlot’, ‘Tannat’, ‘Pinot Noir’, ‘Malbec’, and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ under double-pruning management in a subtropical climate. The vineyard was established in 2020, and two production cycles were evaluated (2022/2023 and 2023/2024). Significant differences in the duration of phenological stages were observed among cultivars, ranging from 146 to 172 days from pruning to harvest. The accumulated thermal demand was higher in the first cycle, with a mean of 1476.9 growing degree days (GDD) across cultivars. The results demonstrate the potential of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. cultivars managed with double pruning for high-quality wine production under subtropical conditions, supporting the viability of expanding viticulture in the state of São Paulo. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ and ‘Sauvignon Blanc’ showed the highest yields, reaching 3.03 and 2.75 kg per plant, respectively, with productivity values of up to 10.8 t ha<sup>−1</sup>. ‘Tannat’ stood out for its high sugar accumulation (23.4 °Brix), while ‘Merlot’ exhibited the highest phenolic (234.9 mg 100 g<sup>−1</sup>) and flavonoid (15.3 mg 100 g<sup>−1</sup>) contents. These results highlight the enological potential of the evaluated cultivars and confirm the efficiency of the double-pruning system in improving grape composition and wine quality in non-traditional viticultural regions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-adb51f7399f249c29a79bd82e1dcb182 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj-art-adb51f7399f249c29a79bd82e1dcb1822025-06-25T13:19:38ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722025-06-011512124110.3390/agriculture15121241Phenological Performance, Thermal Demand, and Qualitative Potential of Wine Grape Cultivars Under Double PruningCarolina Ragoni Maniero0Marco Antonio Tecchio1Harleson Sidney Almeida Monteiro2Camilo André Pereira Contreras Sánchez3Giuliano Elias Pereira4Juliane Barreto de Oliveira5Sinara de Nazaré Santana Brito6Francisco José Domingues Neto7Sarita Leonel8Marcelo de Souza Silva9Ricardo Figueira10Pricila Veiga dos Santos11São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Botucatu 18610-034, SP, BrazilSão Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Botucatu 18610-034, SP, BrazilSão Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Botucatu 18610-034, SP, BrazilSão Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Botucatu 18610-034, SP, BrazilBrazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA Grape and Wine), Bento Gonçalves 95701-008, RS, BrazilFederal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS), Bento Gonçalves 95700-206, RS, BrazilSão Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Botucatu 18610-034, SP, BrazilSão Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, BrazilSão Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Botucatu 18610-034, SP, BrazilSão Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Botucatu 18610-034, SP, BrazilSão Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Botucatu 18610-034, SP, BrazilSão Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Botucatu 18610-034, SP, BrazilThe production of winter wines in Southeastern Brazil represents a relatively recent but expanding viticultural approach, with increasing adoption across diverse wine-growing regions. This system relies on the double-pruning technique, which allows for the harvest of grapes during the dry and cooler winter season, favoring a greater accumulation of sugars, acids, and phenolic compounds. This study aimed to characterize the phenological stages, thermal requirements, yield, and fruit quality of the fine wine grape cultivars ‘Sauvignon Blanc’, ‘Merlot’, ‘Tannat’, ‘Pinot Noir’, ‘Malbec’, and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ under double-pruning management in a subtropical climate. The vineyard was established in 2020, and two production cycles were evaluated (2022/2023 and 2023/2024). Significant differences in the duration of phenological stages were observed among cultivars, ranging from 146 to 172 days from pruning to harvest. The accumulated thermal demand was higher in the first cycle, with a mean of 1476.9 growing degree days (GDD) across cultivars. The results demonstrate the potential of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. cultivars managed with double pruning for high-quality wine production under subtropical conditions, supporting the viability of expanding viticulture in the state of São Paulo. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ and ‘Sauvignon Blanc’ showed the highest yields, reaching 3.03 and 2.75 kg per plant, respectively, with productivity values of up to 10.8 t ha<sup>−1</sup>. ‘Tannat’ stood out for its high sugar accumulation (23.4 °Brix), while ‘Merlot’ exhibited the highest phenolic (234.9 mg 100 g<sup>−1</sup>) and flavonoid (15.3 mg 100 g<sup>−1</sup>) contents. These results highlight the enological potential of the evaluated cultivars and confirm the efficiency of the double-pruning system in improving grape composition and wine quality in non-traditional viticultural regions.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/12/1241grape winephenologysubtropical viticulturewinter wine productionbioactive compoundsgrape quality |
| spellingShingle | Carolina Ragoni Maniero Marco Antonio Tecchio Harleson Sidney Almeida Monteiro Camilo André Pereira Contreras Sánchez Giuliano Elias Pereira Juliane Barreto de Oliveira Sinara de Nazaré Santana Brito Francisco José Domingues Neto Sarita Leonel Marcelo de Souza Silva Ricardo Figueira Pricila Veiga dos Santos Phenological Performance, Thermal Demand, and Qualitative Potential of Wine Grape Cultivars Under Double Pruning Agriculture grape wine phenology subtropical viticulture winter wine production bioactive compounds grape quality |
| title | Phenological Performance, Thermal Demand, and Qualitative Potential of Wine Grape Cultivars Under Double Pruning |
| title_full | Phenological Performance, Thermal Demand, and Qualitative Potential of Wine Grape Cultivars Under Double Pruning |
| title_fullStr | Phenological Performance, Thermal Demand, and Qualitative Potential of Wine Grape Cultivars Under Double Pruning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenological Performance, Thermal Demand, and Qualitative Potential of Wine Grape Cultivars Under Double Pruning |
| title_short | Phenological Performance, Thermal Demand, and Qualitative Potential of Wine Grape Cultivars Under Double Pruning |
| title_sort | phenological performance thermal demand and qualitative potential of wine grape cultivars under double pruning |
| topic | grape wine phenology subtropical viticulture winter wine production bioactive compounds grape quality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/12/1241 |
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