A comprehensive review of Vehicle-to-Grid V2G technology: Technical, economic, regulatory, and social perspectives
The transition from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric transportation marks a significant step forward in both energy consumption and mobility sustainability. A key development supporting this shift is the integration of electric vehicles with power infrastructure in a way that allows e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Energy Conversion and Management: X |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174525002703 |
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| author | M. Saber Eltohamy M. Hassan Tawfiq M.M.R. Ahmed Zuhair Alaas Bader Mohammed Ijaz Ahmed Hossam Youssef Amir Raouf |
| author_facet | M. Saber Eltohamy M. Hassan Tawfiq M.M.R. Ahmed Zuhair Alaas Bader Mohammed Ijaz Ahmed Hossam Youssef Amir Raouf |
| author_sort | M. Saber Eltohamy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The transition from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric transportation marks a significant step forward in both energy consumption and mobility sustainability. A key development supporting this shift is the integration of electric vehicles with power infrastructure in a way that allows energy to flow in both directions. Vehicles can store surplus electricity and return it to the grid when needed. This approach transforms electric vehicles into mobile energy resources, enhancing grid flexibility and improving supply–demand balance, particularly during peak load periods. This review outlines the operational foundations of this technology, with emphasis on energy management systems and bidirectional power converters that enable efficient control. It also addresses the strategic planning of charging infrastructure to ensure both accessibility and effective energy distribution. Furthermore, the paper highlights how recent innovations in artificial intelligence and smart technologies support real-time monitoring and adaptive control, ultimately improving system responsiveness and performance. This work contributes to the ongoing effort toward developing intelligent, sustainable energy systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a8742a1a44944afb9c827df56c6003f9 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2590-1745 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energy Conversion and Management: X |
| spelling | doaj-art-a8742a1a44944afb9c827df56c6003f92025-07-22T04:13:06ZengElsevierEnergy Conversion and Management: X2590-17452025-07-0127101138A comprehensive review of Vehicle-to-Grid V2G technology: Technical, economic, regulatory, and social perspectivesM. Saber Eltohamy0M. Hassan Tawfiq1M.M.R. Ahmed2Zuhair Alaas3Bader Mohammed4Ijaz Ahmed5Hossam Youssef6Amir Raouf7Power Electronics and Energy Conversion Department, Electronics Research Institute, Cairo, 12622, EgyptDepartment of Electrical Technology Faculty of Technology and Education, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, EgyptDepartment of Electrical Technology Faculty of Technology and Education, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt; Corresponding authors.Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding authors.Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi ArabiaInterdisciplinary Research Center for Sustainable Energy Systems (IRC-SES), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding authors.Department of Electrical Technology Faculty of Technology and Education, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, EgyptDepartment of Electrical Technology Faculty of Technology and Education, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, EgyptThe transition from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric transportation marks a significant step forward in both energy consumption and mobility sustainability. A key development supporting this shift is the integration of electric vehicles with power infrastructure in a way that allows energy to flow in both directions. Vehicles can store surplus electricity and return it to the grid when needed. This approach transforms electric vehicles into mobile energy resources, enhancing grid flexibility and improving supply–demand balance, particularly during peak load periods. This review outlines the operational foundations of this technology, with emphasis on energy management systems and bidirectional power converters that enable efficient control. It also addresses the strategic planning of charging infrastructure to ensure both accessibility and effective energy distribution. Furthermore, the paper highlights how recent innovations in artificial intelligence and smart technologies support real-time monitoring and adaptive control, ultimately improving system responsiveness and performance. This work contributes to the ongoing effort toward developing intelligent, sustainable energy systems.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174525002703Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G)Bidirectional chargingBattery degradationSmart chargingGrid flexibilityRenewable energy integration |
| spellingShingle | M. Saber Eltohamy M. Hassan Tawfiq M.M.R. Ahmed Zuhair Alaas Bader Mohammed Ijaz Ahmed Hossam Youssef Amir Raouf A comprehensive review of Vehicle-to-Grid V2G technology: Technical, economic, regulatory, and social perspectives Energy Conversion and Management: X Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Bidirectional charging Battery degradation Smart charging Grid flexibility Renewable energy integration |
| title | A comprehensive review of Vehicle-to-Grid V2G technology: Technical, economic, regulatory, and social perspectives |
| title_full | A comprehensive review of Vehicle-to-Grid V2G technology: Technical, economic, regulatory, and social perspectives |
| title_fullStr | A comprehensive review of Vehicle-to-Grid V2G technology: Technical, economic, regulatory, and social perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | A comprehensive review of Vehicle-to-Grid V2G technology: Technical, economic, regulatory, and social perspectives |
| title_short | A comprehensive review of Vehicle-to-Grid V2G technology: Technical, economic, regulatory, and social perspectives |
| title_sort | comprehensive review of vehicle to grid v2g technology technical economic regulatory and social perspectives |
| topic | Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Bidirectional charging Battery degradation Smart charging Grid flexibility Renewable energy integration |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174525002703 |
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