Magnetic resonance evaluation of three-dimensional liver fat fraction by hepatitis C status and associations with inflammatory cytokines.

Magnetic resonance evaluation of three-dimensional liver fat fraction by hepatitis C status and associations with inflammatory cytokines.

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<h4>Background</h4>Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may influence cytokine and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels, which could contribute to increased hepatic steatosis. We utilized MRI to compare three-dimensional volumetric liver fat fraction by chronic HCV status and e...

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Main Authors: Jessie Torgersen, Craig W Newcomb, Dean M Carbonari, Shanae M Smith, Katherine L Brecker, Chamith S Rajapakse, Brandon C Jones, Christiana Cottrell, Rasleen Grewal, Jennifer C Price, Joshua F Baker, Jay R Kostman, Stacey Trooskin, Rebecca A Hubbard, Babette S Zemel, Mary B Leonard, Vincent Lo Re Iii
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0327668
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Summary:<h4>Background</h4>Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may influence cytokine and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels, which could contribute to increased hepatic steatosis. We utilized MRI to compare three-dimensional volumetric liver fat fraction by chronic HCV status and evaluated associations between liver fat fraction and inflammatory cytokines and IGF-1.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants with untreated, non-genotype 3 chronic HCV and participants without HCV were enrolled between 2019-2022 and underwent MRI to quantify three-dimensional volumetric liver fat fraction. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IGF-1 were also measured. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine associations between liver fat fraction, chronic HCV, and cytokine and IGF-1 levels.<h4>Results</h4>Among 54 participants with HCV and 54 without HCV, median volumetric liver fat fraction was 12.4% (IQR: 9.3, 18.0%) and 10.9% (IQR: 8.7, 13.3%), respectively. After adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index, mean liver fat fraction was 2.28% (95% CI: 0.55, 4.02%) higher in participants with HCV. HCV was associated with higher mean log TNF-α (0.11 [95% CI: 0.06, 0.16]) and IL-18 (0.14 [95% CI: 0.05, 0.24]), but lower mean log IGF-1 (-0.18 [95% CI: -0.26, -0.11]) when compared to those without HCV. IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α, and IGF-1 were not associated with liver fat fraction.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Chronic HCV is associated with higher volumetric liver fat fraction by MRI. TNF-α and IL-18 levels were higher with chronic HCV but were not associated with liver fat fraction. Further research is needed to identify alternative mechanisms that potentiate liver fat deposition in chronic HCV.
ISSN:1932-6203

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