Macroeconomic dynamics and the long-run equilibrium analysis of the 4Is in import-dependent countries: how is the past different from the present?
This paper investigates the macroeconomic interplay of income, inflation, investment, and import-dependence (the 4Is) in import-dependent countries, comparing trends from 1966–1999 to 2000–2022. Using Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) analytical framework, it identifies empirical relations...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Cogent Economics & Finance |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23322039.2025.2524575 |
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