Calcium Metabolism, Immunity and Reproduction in Early Postpartum Dairy Cows
Vitamin D is essential for calcium homeostasis, bone mineralization, immunity, and disease prevention. In a field study with Holstein-Friesian dairy cows, the impact of prepartum vitamin D<sub>3</sub> treatment on early postpartum placental gene expression, focusing on calcium metabolism...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| author | Szilvia Kusza Zoltán Bagi Putri Kusuma Astuti George Wanjala Ottó Szenci Árpád Csaba Bajcsy |
| author_facet | Szilvia Kusza Zoltán Bagi Putri Kusuma Astuti George Wanjala Ottó Szenci Árpád Csaba Bajcsy |
| author_sort | Szilvia Kusza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vitamin D is essential for calcium homeostasis, bone mineralization, immunity, and disease prevention. In a field study with Holstein-Friesian dairy cows, the impact of prepartum vitamin D<sub>3</sub> treatment on early postpartum placental gene expression, focusing on calcium metabolism, feto-placental growth, and immune response, had been investigated. Eight multiparous cows were treated with 10 mL vitamin D<sub>3</sub> (1 million IU cholecalciferol/mL) intramuscularly on day 273 of pregnancy, while eight others remained untreated and served as controls. Placental tissues were collected post-calving, and gene expression was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR. Among 23 genes, 5 showed significant downregulation in the treated group: <i>CaBP-9k</i> (reduced by 88.1% from 32.80 ± 91.50 to 3.90 ± 8.54), <i>ESR1</i> (reduced by 95.7% from 7.89 ± 17.87 to 0.34 ± 0.34), <i>LHR</i> (reduced by 96.5% from 3.75 ± 5.45 to 0.13 ± 0.17), <i>NOD1</i> (reduced by 94.1% from 4.21 ± 7.00 to 0.25 ± 0.30), and <i>TLR1</i> (reduced by 99.7% from 24.80 ± 61.45 to 0.07 ± 0.08). These results suggest that vitamin D<sub>3</sub> supplementation affects key pathways related to calcium transport, reproductive function, and immune response in the bovine placenta. These molecular changes may help to explain improved calcium homeostasis and reduced postpartum complications, offering insights into how targeted nutritional interventions can enhance reproductive efficiency in high-producing dairy cows. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj-art-a4ed9f5e9e7b4d129aaa6c9a4c58e0f82025-07-25T13:11:02ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-07-011514210310.3390/ani15142103Calcium Metabolism, Immunity and Reproduction in Early Postpartum Dairy CowsSzilvia Kusza0Zoltán Bagi1Putri Kusuma Astuti2George Wanjala3Ottó Szenci4Árpád Csaba Bajcsy5Centre for Agricultural Genomics and Biotechnology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryCentre for Agricultural Genomics and Biotechnology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryCentre for Agricultural Genomics and Biotechnology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryInstitute of Animal Sciences and Wildlife Management, University of Szeged, 6800 Hódmezővásárhely, HungaryDepartment of Obstetrics and Food Animal Medicine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1078 Budapest, HungaryClinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, GermanyVitamin D is essential for calcium homeostasis, bone mineralization, immunity, and disease prevention. In a field study with Holstein-Friesian dairy cows, the impact of prepartum vitamin D<sub>3</sub> treatment on early postpartum placental gene expression, focusing on calcium metabolism, feto-placental growth, and immune response, had been investigated. Eight multiparous cows were treated with 10 mL vitamin D<sub>3</sub> (1 million IU cholecalciferol/mL) intramuscularly on day 273 of pregnancy, while eight others remained untreated and served as controls. Placental tissues were collected post-calving, and gene expression was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR. Among 23 genes, 5 showed significant downregulation in the treated group: <i>CaBP-9k</i> (reduced by 88.1% from 32.80 ± 91.50 to 3.90 ± 8.54), <i>ESR1</i> (reduced by 95.7% from 7.89 ± 17.87 to 0.34 ± 0.34), <i>LHR</i> (reduced by 96.5% from 3.75 ± 5.45 to 0.13 ± 0.17), <i>NOD1</i> (reduced by 94.1% from 4.21 ± 7.00 to 0.25 ± 0.30), and <i>TLR1</i> (reduced by 99.7% from 24.80 ± 61.45 to 0.07 ± 0.08). These results suggest that vitamin D<sub>3</sub> supplementation affects key pathways related to calcium transport, reproductive function, and immune response in the bovine placenta. These molecular changes may help to explain improved calcium homeostasis and reduced postpartum complications, offering insights into how targeted nutritional interventions can enhance reproductive efficiency in high-producing dairy cows.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/14/2103vitamin D<sub>3</sub>gene expressionbovine placentaimmunitycalcium metabolismfeto-placental growth |
| spellingShingle | Szilvia Kusza Zoltán Bagi Putri Kusuma Astuti George Wanjala Ottó Szenci Árpád Csaba Bajcsy Calcium Metabolism, Immunity and Reproduction in Early Postpartum Dairy Cows Animals vitamin D<sub>3</sub> gene expression bovine placenta immunity calcium metabolism feto-placental growth |
| title | Calcium Metabolism, Immunity and Reproduction in Early Postpartum Dairy Cows |
| title_full | Calcium Metabolism, Immunity and Reproduction in Early Postpartum Dairy Cows |
| title_fullStr | Calcium Metabolism, Immunity and Reproduction in Early Postpartum Dairy Cows |
| title_full_unstemmed | Calcium Metabolism, Immunity and Reproduction in Early Postpartum Dairy Cows |
| title_short | Calcium Metabolism, Immunity and Reproduction in Early Postpartum Dairy Cows |
| title_sort | calcium metabolism immunity and reproduction in early postpartum dairy cows |
| topic | vitamin D<sub>3</sub> gene expression bovine placenta immunity calcium metabolism feto-placental growth |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/14/2103 |
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