Assisted Isolation of Camelliagenin B from <i>Camellia oliefera</i> Seed Cake Meal and Microbial Transformation by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 6633, <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> CGMCC 1.1741, and <i>Streptomyces gresius</i> ATCC 13273
This study investigates the potential for the microbial transformation of camelliagenin B, a saponin derived from <i>Camellia oleifera</i> seed cake meal, to develop novel metabolites. We employed three microbial strains, specifically <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 6633, <i...
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2025-07-01
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| author | Richa Raj Jingling Zhang Yanyan Meng Xuewa Jiang Wei Wang Jian Zhang Boyang Yu |
| author_facet | Richa Raj Jingling Zhang Yanyan Meng Xuewa Jiang Wei Wang Jian Zhang Boyang Yu |
| author_sort | Richa Raj |
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| description | This study investigates the potential for the microbial transformation of camelliagenin B, a saponin derived from <i>Camellia oleifera</i> seed cake meal, to develop novel metabolites. We employed three microbial strains, specifically <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 6633, <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> CGMCC 1.1741, and <i>Streptomyces griseus</i> ATCC 13273, to biotransform camelliagenin B into its derivatives. The compounds were purified and separated using chromatographic techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Structural identification was carried out using spectroscopic methods, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). Ten bioactive compounds were obtained (<b>1a</b>-<b>1j</b>), of which nine were novel with multiple tailoring reactions, such as allyl oxidation, C-C double-bond rearrangement, hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, and glycosylation, observed in camelliagenin B analogs. The structures of these compounds were determined by 1D/2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS analysis. Therefore, this study showcases the capacity of microbial transformation as a sustainable and environmentally friendly method for generating bioactive compounds from <i>C. oleifera</i> seed cake meals. The individual chemicals can potentially facilitate the design of novel medicinal agents, functional foods, and natural preservatives. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Matheson Library |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
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| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj-art-a49ad9eea45e4f9e8c02ae5d54d8634c2025-07-25T13:22:37ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372025-07-0111740710.3390/fermentation11070407Assisted Isolation of Camelliagenin B from <i>Camellia oliefera</i> Seed Cake Meal and Microbial Transformation by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 6633, <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> CGMCC 1.1741, and <i>Streptomyces gresius</i> ATCC 13273Richa Raj0Jingling Zhang1Yanyan Meng2Xuewa Jiang3Wei Wang4Jian Zhang5Boyang Yu6Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, ChinaDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, ChinaDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, ChinaDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, ChinaDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, ChinaDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, ChinaThis study investigates the potential for the microbial transformation of camelliagenin B, a saponin derived from <i>Camellia oleifera</i> seed cake meal, to develop novel metabolites. We employed three microbial strains, specifically <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 6633, <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> CGMCC 1.1741, and <i>Streptomyces griseus</i> ATCC 13273, to biotransform camelliagenin B into its derivatives. The compounds were purified and separated using chromatographic techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Structural identification was carried out using spectroscopic methods, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). Ten bioactive compounds were obtained (<b>1a</b>-<b>1j</b>), of which nine were novel with multiple tailoring reactions, such as allyl oxidation, C-C double-bond rearrangement, hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, and glycosylation, observed in camelliagenin B analogs. The structures of these compounds were determined by 1D/2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS analysis. Therefore, this study showcases the capacity of microbial transformation as a sustainable and environmentally friendly method for generating bioactive compounds from <i>C. oleifera</i> seed cake meals. The individual chemicals can potentially facilitate the design of novel medicinal agents, functional foods, and natural preservatives.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/11/7/407camelliagenin Btea sapogeninmicrobial transformationby-products processing<i>Camellia oliefera</i> seed pomace |
| spellingShingle | Richa Raj Jingling Zhang Yanyan Meng Xuewa Jiang Wei Wang Jian Zhang Boyang Yu Assisted Isolation of Camelliagenin B from <i>Camellia oliefera</i> Seed Cake Meal and Microbial Transformation by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 6633, <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> CGMCC 1.1741, and <i>Streptomyces gresius</i> ATCC 13273 Fermentation camelliagenin B tea sapogenin microbial transformation by-products processing <i>Camellia oliefera</i> seed pomace |
| title | Assisted Isolation of Camelliagenin B from <i>Camellia oliefera</i> Seed Cake Meal and Microbial Transformation by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 6633, <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> CGMCC 1.1741, and <i>Streptomyces gresius</i> ATCC 13273 |
| title_full | Assisted Isolation of Camelliagenin B from <i>Camellia oliefera</i> Seed Cake Meal and Microbial Transformation by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 6633, <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> CGMCC 1.1741, and <i>Streptomyces gresius</i> ATCC 13273 |
| title_fullStr | Assisted Isolation of Camelliagenin B from <i>Camellia oliefera</i> Seed Cake Meal and Microbial Transformation by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 6633, <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> CGMCC 1.1741, and <i>Streptomyces gresius</i> ATCC 13273 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assisted Isolation of Camelliagenin B from <i>Camellia oliefera</i> Seed Cake Meal and Microbial Transformation by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 6633, <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> CGMCC 1.1741, and <i>Streptomyces gresius</i> ATCC 13273 |
| title_short | Assisted Isolation of Camelliagenin B from <i>Camellia oliefera</i> Seed Cake Meal and Microbial Transformation by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ATCC 6633, <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> CGMCC 1.1741, and <i>Streptomyces gresius</i> ATCC 13273 |
| title_sort | assisted isolation of camelliagenin b from i camellia oliefera i seed cake meal and microbial transformation by i bacillus subtilis i atcc 6633 i bacillus megaterium i cgmcc 1 1741 and i streptomyces gresius i atcc 13273 |
| topic | camelliagenin B tea sapogenin microbial transformation by-products processing <i>Camellia oliefera</i> seed pomace |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/11/7/407 |
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